Mitigating Misinformation Toolkit: Addressing COVID-19 Misinformation Through Interprofessional Learning and Collaboration Using a Standardized Patient-Based Educational Module.

Introduction: Medical mis- and disinformation are on the rise and impact patient health outcomes. The complexity of modern medicine and health care delivery necessitates that care be delivered by an interprofessional team of providers well versed in addressing this increased prevalence of medical misinformation. Health professions educational curricula often lack opportunities for students to learn how to address medical misinformation, employ advanced communication techniques, and work collaboratively.

Satisfaction of Women Faculty in Academic Medicine.

Research about academic medicine women faculty has focused on comparisons of men and women or specific groups who achieved leadership. To better understand the low percentages of women in academic medicine leadership, attention should be paid to the career continuum within genders. Study findings will inform policies and programs to support women in building careers and acquiring leadership positions.

Power Reimagined: Advancing Women Into Emerging Leadership Positions.

Academic medicine is evolving from the traditional model of a medical school and teaching hospital owned by the same entity to one with complex academic medical centers and health systems. This increased complexity is evident not only in the funding streams and organizational priorities of these growing health systems but also in the evolution of leadership roles toward more matrixed positions and more individuals who hold both medical school and health system roles. Given this changing landscape, the authors of this commentary raise the following questions: Will the levers of power remain in the hands of those in traditional academic roles? Or are they moving toward those in roles that are more aligned with the clinical enterprise and health system? Then, if this shift is occurring, what is needed to prepare women to be competitive candidates for these new roles? Because of the long history of and current gender imbalance in academic leadership roles, professional development programs have traditionally focused on preparing women to advance through the faculty ranks and for department chair and decanal roles.

Depression prevalence based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale compared to Structured Clinical Interview for DSM DIsorders classification: Systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objectives: Estimates of depression prevalence in pregnancy and postpartum are based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) more than on any other method. We aimed to determine if any EPDS cutoff can accurately and consistently estimate depression prevalence in individual studies.

Methods: We analyzed datasets that compared EPDS scores to Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID) major depression status.

Meeting the Needs of Mid-Career Women in Academic Medicine: One Model Career Development Program.

A gender gap in leadership exists in academic medicine. Medical school faculty rosters indicate an overrepresentation of women in entry-level positions. As positions increase in seniority and leadership responsibilities, there is an underrepresentation of women.

Comparison of major depression diagnostic classification probability using the SCID, CIDI, and MINI diagnostic interviews among women in pregnancy or postpartum: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objectives: A previous individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA) identified differences in major depression classification rates between different diagnostic interviews, controlling for depressive symptoms on the basis of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. We aimed to determine whether similar results would be seen in a different population, using studies that administered the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in pregnancy or postpartum.

Methods: Data accrued for an EPDS diagnostic accuracy IPDMA were analysed.

Effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy-trauma for depressed women with childhood abuse histories.

Background: Women with depression and childhood sexual abuse histories constitute more than 20% of the female patient population in publicly funded community mental health centers (CMHCs). Interventions are needed that address depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and social health.

Method: We compared Interpersonal Psychotherapy-Trauma (IPT-T), an IPT adaptation for this population and setting, to Clinic Psychotherapy (CP).

Availability of Emotional Support and Mental Health Care for Pediatric Residents.

Objective: Resident mental health (MH) problems can be associated with reduced empathy and increased medical errors. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education mandates resident MH support services, but it is unknown if these services are accessible and meet resident needs. We sought to describe the prevalence of anxiety and depression in current pediatric residents in New York State (NYS), and their self-reported use of and barriers to support services.

Increased risk for postpartum psychiatric disorders among women with past pregnancy loss.

Background: Scant literature exists on whether prior pregnancy loss (miscarriage, stillbirth, and/or induced abortion) increases the risk of postpartum psychiatric disorders-specifically depression and anxiety-after subsequent births. This study compares: (1) risk factors for depression and/or anxiety disorders in the postpartum year among women with and without prior pregnancy loss; and (2) rates of these disorders in women with one versus multiple pregnancy losses.

Methods: One-hundred-ninety-two women recruited at first-year pediatric well-child care visits from an urban pediatric clinic provided demographic information, reproductive and health histories.

Complex challenges in treating depression during pregnancy.

The treatment of depression during pregnancy can be challenging for patients and providers alike. An increasing attention to perinatal mood disorders has led to an expanding literature that is often difficult for providers to navigate. It can be a challenge for providers to feel comfortable reviewing the broad scope of the risks and benefits of treatments in the context of the limitations of the literature.

Predictors of treatment outcomes among depressed women with childhood sexual abuse histories.

Background: A notable portion (21%) of female patients receiving treatment for depression in community mental health centers (CMHC) has childhood sexual abuse (CSA) histories. Treatment outcomes in this population are heterogeneous; identifying factors associated with differential outcomes could inform treatment development. This exploratory study begins to address the gap in what is known about predictors of treatment outcomes among depressed women with sexual abuse histories.

Co-occurring intimate partner violence and mental health diagnoses in perinatal women.

Objectives: To describe the co-occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health burden among perinatal mothers attending well-baby visits with their infants in the first year of life. We compare rates of depression, anxiety disorder, and substance abuse diagnoses between mothers who reported IPV within the past year to those who did not.

Methods: This cross-sectional study of 188 mothers of infants (under 14 months) was conducted in an urban hospital pediatric clinic.

A randomized effectiveness trial of interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed women with sexual abuse histories.

Objectives: Many depressed women seen in community mental health centers (CMHCs) have histories of childhood sexual abuse and are economically disadvantaged. Randomized trials are needed to test the effectiveness of evidence-based interventions in this population and setting. This study compared interpersonal psychotherapy with usual care psychotherapy among women in a CMHC.

Psychiatric residents' self-assessment of teaching knowledge and skills following a brief "psychiatric residents-as-teachers" course: a pilot study.

Objective: Resident physicians have an important role in medical student teaching. There has been limited curriculum development in this area for general psychiatric residents. A 4-hour workshop for PGY-2 psychiatric residents was designed and implemented to improve residents' self-assessment of their knowledge of the medical student curriculum and core teaching skills.

The obsessive-compulsive spectrum in the perinatal period: a prospective pilot study.

This study aims to describe the phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and disorders (OCD) in perinatal women and to explore the relationship of OCS/OCD to postpartum depression. A prospective longitudinal study of 44 women screened with the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) between 30 and 37 weeks of pregnancy. Twenty-four women completed a diagnostic interview and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) before delivery and were contacted postpartum to repeat the EPDS and Y-BOCS.

Accuracy of depression screening tools for identifying postpartum depression among urban mothers.

Objective: The goal was to describe the accuracy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS) in identifying major depressive disorder (MDD) or minor depressive disorder (MnDD) among low-income, urban mothers attending well-child care (WCC) visits during the postpartum year.

Methods: Mothers (N = 198) attending WCC visits with their infants 0 to 14 months of age completed a psychiatric diagnostic interview (standard method) and 3 screening tools. The sensitivities and specificities of each screening tool were calculated in comparison with diagnoses of MDD or MDD/MnDD.

Does education influence pediatricians' perceptions of physician-specific barriers for maternal depression?

Pediatric residency reforms have increased emphasis on psychosocial issues, but we do not know whether this has changed pediatricians' perceptions of barriers to addressing maternal depression. A survey of 1600 members of the American Academy of Pediatrics investigated whether training in adult mental health issues and perceived barriers to addressing maternal depression differed for current pediatric residents, pediatricians in practice <5 years, and those in practice >or=5 years. Training did not differ for respondents who were currently in training, in practice <5 years, or in practice >or=5 years.

Factors associated with identification and management of maternal depression by pediatricians.

Objective: We sought to identify characteristics of pediatricians that were associated with identification or management (referral and/or treatment) of mothers with depression.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was mailed to a random sample of 1600 of the 50,818 US nonretired members of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Overall, 832 responded, with 745 responses from nontrainee members.

Legal and ethical considerations: risks and benefits of postpartum depression screening at well-child visits.

Pediatric professionals are being asked to provide an increasing array of services during well-child visits, including screening for psychosocial and family issues that may directly or indirectly affect their pediatric patients. One such service is routine screening for postpartum depression at pediatric visits. Postpartum depression is an example of a parental condition that can have serious negative effects for the child.

Changes in maternal depressive symptoms across the postpartum year at well child care visits.

Objective: To describe the incidence, continuation, and resolution of symptoms during the postpartum year in urban women experiencing high depressive symptom levels at one or more well child care visits.

Methods: As part of a prior study of postpartum depressive symptoms, demographic data and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were systematically collected from pediatric records of a clinic that routinely screens mothers with the EPDS at each first-year well child care visit. To explore the course of depressive symptoms throughout the postpartum year in this pilot study, we included only data from the records that had at least one EPDS > or = 10 (N = 100), a score indicating a high likelihood for clinically significant depressive symptoms.