Metabolomics survey of uropathogenic bacteria in human urine.

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most prevalent infections in North America and are caused by a diverse range of bacterial species. Although uropathogenesis has been studied extensively in the context of macromolecular interactions, the degree to which metabolism may contribute to infection is unclear. Currently, most of what is known about the metabolic capacity of uropathogens has been derived from genomics, genetic knockout studies or transcriptomic analyses.

Needle-free intradermal vaccination, an opportunity to improve commercial pig welfare.

In-farm livestock production vaccinations are commonly delivered intramuscularly using needles. While there are alternative strategies these have been subject to little attention and limited commercialisation. One such alternative is needle-free vaccines and studies have focused on the immune response few have addressed the welfare implications.

Anaplerotic filling in heart failure: a review of mechanism and potential therapeutics.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. While current medical treatment is based on known pathophysiology and is effective for many patients, the underlying cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. Energy deficiency is a characteristic of HF, marked by complex alterations in metabolism.

Ethylene and epoxyethane metabolism in methanotrophic bacteria: comparative genomics and physiological studies using .

The genome of the methanotrophic bacterium strain 10Ki contains a gene cluster that encodes a putative coenzyme-M (CoM)-dependent pathway for oxidation of epoxyethane, based on homology to genes in bacteria that grow on ethylene and propylene as sole substrates. An alkene monooxygenase was not detected in the genome, so epoxyethane is likely produced from co-oxidation of ethylene by the methane monooxygenase enzyme. Similar gene clusters were detected in about 10% of available genomes from aerobic methanotrophic bacteria, primarily strains grown from rice paddies and other wetlands.

Predicting risky driving behaviours using the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis.

The current meta-analysis explored the efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) in predicting high-risk driving behaviours. Specifically, we examined speeding (in relation to exceeding the limit as well as speed compliance), driving under the influence, distracted driving, and seat belt use. We searched four electronic databases (i.

Sex-specific post-inflammatory dysbiosis mediates chronic visceral pain in colitis.

Background: Despite achieving endoscopic remission, over 20% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients experience chronic abdominal pain. Visceral pain and the microbiome exhibit sex-dependent interactions, while visceral pain in IBD shows a sex bias. Our aim was to evaluate whether post-inflammatory microbial perturbations contribute to visceral hypersensitivity in a sex-dependent manner.

Neural mechanisms driving speech and language recovery following childhood stroke: a scoping review.

Purpose: This scoping review aimed to inform future research priorities by collating evidence on neural correlates of speech and language recovery following childhood stroke.

Methods: Neuroimaging, motor speech, or language outcomes following childhood stroke (28 days to 18 years age) in the subacute to chronic community stages (care occurring after acute medical management, including inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation, and community-based programs) were identified and extracted from Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, and Clinical databases.

Results: Of the 3990 studies screened, 11 met the inclusion criteria.

Staphylococcus aureus adapts to exploit collagen-derived proline during chronic infection.

Staphylococcus aureus is a pulmonary pathogen associated with substantial human morbidity and mortality. As vaccines targeting virulence determinants have failed to be protective in humans, other factors are likely involved in pathogenesis. Here we analysed transcriptomic responses of human clinical isolates of S.

An umbrella review of the characteristics of resiliency-enhancing interventions for children and youth with disabilities.

Purpose: The current umbrella review aimed to identify key intervention characteristics that have been demonstrated to enhance resiliency in children and youth with disabilities.

Materials And Methods: To identify these key ingredients, using JBI guidelines, we conducted comprehensive searches in the fall of 2022 and searches were re-run in June 2023. Using the PICO format, we searched for peer-reviewed review articles that included children and youth with disabilities (6 to 19 years of age), the intervention targeted resiliency, the context was home, school, or community, and the outcome was resiliency enhancement.

SCALiR: A Web Application for Automating Absolute Quantification of Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Data.

Quantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics is becoming an important approach for studying complex biological systems but presents several technical challenges that limit its widespread use. Computing metabolite concentrations using standard curves generated from standard mixtures of known concentrations is a labor-intensive process that is often performed manually. Currently, there are few options for open-source software tools that can automatically calculate metabolite concentrations.

"I'm pulling through because of you": injured workers' perspective of workplace factors supporting return to work under the Saskatchewan Workers' Compensation Board scheme.

Background: Research demonstrates sustained return to work (RTW) by individuals on medical leave is influenced by personal and job resources and job demands. Relatively few studies have been conducted in the workers' compensation context that is known to have longer absence durations for RTW.

Aims: This study sought to illuminate workers' experience as they returned to work following a work injury that was either psychological in nature or involved more than 50 days of disability, with a focus on the co-worker, supervisor, and employer actions that supported their return.

MINNO: An Open Source Software for Refining Metabolic Networks and Investigating Complex Network Activity Using Empirical Metabolomics Data.

Metabolomics is a powerful tool for uncovering biochemical diversity in a wide range of organisms. Metabolic network modeling is commonly used to frame metabolomics data in the context of a broader biological system. However, network modeling of poorly characterized nonmodel organisms remains challenging due to gene homology mismatches which lead to network architecture errors.

Butyrate reduces adherent-invasive -evoked disruption of epithelial mitochondrial morphology and barrier function: involvement of free fatty acid receptor 3.

Gut bacteria provide benefits to the host and have been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where adherent-invasive (AIEC) pathobionts (., strain LF82) are associated with Crohn's disease. -LF82 causes fragmentation of the epithelial mitochondrial network, leading to increased epithelial permeability.

Boundary flux analysis: an emerging strategy for investigating metabolic pathway activity in large cohorts.

Many biological phenotypes are rooted in metabolic pathway activity rather than the concentrations of individual metabolites. Despite this, most metabolomics studies only capture steady-state metabolism - not metabolic flux. Although sophisticated metabolic flux analysis strategies have been developed, these methods are technically challenging and difficult to implement in large-cohort studies.

Patient Safety and Quality Improvement in Minimally Invasive Surgery.

The journey of minimally invasive (MI) urology is one of quality improvement (QI) and patient safety. New techniques have been progressively studied for adoption and growth. As more advanced methods of data collection and analysis are developed, a review of the patterns and history of these principles in the development of MI urology can inform future urologic QI and patient safety initiatives.

A scoping review reveals candidate quality indicators of knowledge translation and implementation science practice tools.

Objectives: To identify candidate quality indicators from existing tools that provide guidance on how to practice knowledge translation and implemenation science (KT practice tools) across KT domains (dissemination, implementation, sustainability, and scalability).

Study Design And Setting: We conducted a scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. We systematically searched multiple electronic databases and the gray literature.

Typing myalgic encephalomyelitis by infection at onset: A DecodeME study.

Background: People with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) experience core symptoms of post-exertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, and cognitive impairment. Despite numbering 0.2-0.

SCALiR: a web application for automating absolute quantification of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics data.

Metabolomics is an important approach for studying complex biological systems. Quantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics is becoming a mainstream strategy but presents several technical challenges that limit its widespread use. Computing metabolite concentrations using standard curves generated from standard mixtures of known concentrations is a labor-intensive process which is often performed manually.

Metabolomics of head and neck cancer in biofluids: an integrative systematic review.

Introduction: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the fifth most common cancer globally. Diagnosis at early stages are critical to reduce mortality and improve functional and esthetic outcomes associated with HNC. Metabolomics is a promising approach for discovery of biomarkers and metabolic pathways for risk assessment and early detection of HNC.

Metabolic Interactive Nodular Network for Omics (MINNO): Refining and investigating metabolic networks based on empirical metabolomics data.

Metabolomics is a powerful tool for uncovering biochemical diversity in a wide range of organisms, and metabolic network modeling is commonly used to frame results in the context of a broader homeostatic system. However, network modeling of poorly characterized, non-model organisms remains challenging due to gene homology mismatches. To address this challenge, we developed Metabolic Interactive Nodular Network for Omics (MINNO), a web-based mapping tool that takes in empirical metabolomics data to refine metabolic networks for both model and unusual organisms.

Multiple domains of the integral KREPA3 protein are critical for the structure and precise functions of RNA editing catalytic complexes in .

The gRNA directed U-insertion and deletion editing of mitochondrial mRNAs that is essential in different life-cycle stages for the protozoan parasite is performed by three similar multiprotein catalytic complexes (CCs) that contain the requisite enzymes. These CCs also contain a common set of eight proteins that have no apparent direct catalytic function, including six that have an OB-fold domain. We show here that one of these OB-fold proteins, KREPA3 (A3), has structural homology to other editing proteins, is essential for editing, and is multifunctional.