Supplementation of Parachlorella sp. in feed promote the gut microbiome colonization and fecal IgA response of broiler in both early and late period.

This study evaluated the effects of Parachlorella sp. KSN1 (PA) supplementation on the gut microbiota and intestinal immunity of broilers of different ages. A total of 180 Ross 308 broiler chicks were weighed and divided into early (1 to 10 days post hatch) and late (11 to 28 days post hatch) periods, with six replicates of 10 chicks per cage assigned to two dietary groups.

Dual Crystal-Liquid Thermal Transport Behavior in MAPbCl.

Phonon dynamics in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) exhibit inherent complexity driven by the intricate interactions between rotatable organic cations and dynamically disordered inorganic octahedra, mediated by hydrogen bonding. This study aims to address this complexity by investigating the thermal transport behavior of MAPbCl as a gateway to the OIHPs family. The results reveal that the ultralow thermal conductivity of MAPbCl arises from a synergistic interplay of exceptionally low phonon velocities, short phonon lifetimes, and phonon mean free paths approaching the Regel-Ioffe limit.

Predisposing factors for poor outcomes after intense pulsed light treatment for dry eye disease: A retrospective case-control study.

To evaluate the potential risk factors for poor dry eye disease (DED) outcomes after intense pulse light (IPL) treatment. A retrospective case-control study was conducted, and patients who received IPL were enrolled. A total of 63 eyes were included in the present study after exclusion and were divided into a fair outcome group and a poor outcome group according to posttreatment improvements in DED-related signs and symptoms.

Arbutin overcomes tumor immune tolerance by inhibiting tumor programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression.

Arbutin, predominantly derived from the bearberry plant, exhibits promising immunomodulatory properties. Given its ability to influence the programmed cell death-ligand 1/ programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) pathway, it is emerging as a potential alternative treatment for cancer. A reduced expression of PD-L1, as seen after arbutin treatment, can bolster immune responses critical step in effective tumor immunotherapy.

The refractive accuracy between topographic keratometry and biometric keratometry for extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens implantation.

To investigate the influence of different keratometry (K) measurements on the postoperative outcomes of cataract surgery with extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, and patients who received cataract surgery and one type of EDOF IOL implantation were included. The patients were then categorized according to K measurements, and 70 and 30 eyes were included in the biometric-K and topographic-K groups, respectively.

Gut microbiota modulation and amino acid absorption by TWK10 in pea protein ingestion: TWK10 boosts hut microbiota, amino acid uptake.

For vegetarians or vegan athletes, improving the utilization of plant-based protein and the absorption of amino acids is crucial. This study explored the impact of combining pea protein with TWK10 and resistance training on amino acid absorption and exercise performance. Sixteen male and sixteen female participants were randomly assigned to either a control group (20 g of pea protein without TWK10) or a TWK10 group (20 g of pea protein combined with 1 × 10 colony-forming units of TWK10).

Ferrocene-Functionalized Atomically Precise Metal Clusters Exhibit Synergistically Enhanced Performance for CO Electroreduction.

The integration of organometallic compounds with metal nanoparticles can, in principle, generate hybrid nanocatalysts endowed with augmented functionality, presenting substantial promise for catalytic applications. Herein, we synthesize an atomically precise metal cluster (AgCu) catalyst integrated with alkynylferrocene molecules (AgCu-Fc). This hybrid catalyst design facilitates a continuous electron transfer channel via an ethynyl bridge and establishes a distinctive local chemical environment, resulting in remarkably enhanced catalytic activity in CO electroreduction.

SnSethermal conductivity from optothermal Raman and Stokes/anti-Stokes thermometry.

The optothermal Raman method is useful in determining the in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional (2D) materials that are either suspended or supported on a substrate. We compare this method with the Stokes/anti-Stokes scattering thermometry method, which can play a role in both calibration of Raman peak positions as well as extraction of the local phonon temperature. This work demonstrates that the Stokes/anti-Stokes intensity ratio plays an important role in determining the in-plane thermal conductivity of 2D tin diselenide (SnSe) dry-transferred onto a polished copper (Cu) substrate.

Sequential Energy and Electron Transfer in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

This study presents the design and characterization of a triad metal-organic framework (MOF) system composed of pyrene, porphyrin, and phenyl-C-butyric acid (PCBA) for efficient energy and electron transfer processes mimicking natural photosynthesis. The triad MOF, synthesized through a mixed-ligand approach followed by postsynthetic modification, demonstrates sequential energy transfer from pyrene to porphyrin, followed by electron transfer to the PCBA acceptor. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectroscopy was employed to investigate the dynamics of energy and charge transfer, revealing fast interligand energy transfer and subsequent charge separation in the MOF structure.

Retinal Vessel Plexus Differentiation Based on OCT Angiography Using Deep Learning.

Purpose: Although structural OCT is traditionally used to differentiate the vascular plexus layers in OCT angiography (OCTA), the vascular plexuses do not always obey the retinal laminations. We sought to segment the superficial, deep, and avascular plexuses from OCTA images using deep learning without structural OCT image input or segmentation boundaries.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Mental and behavioral health problems among displaced Myanmar adults exhibiting suboptimal adherence to chronic disease medication treatment in Thailand.

Background: People living with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension and diabetes are at high risk for mental health and psychosocial problems. These problems, in turn, can lead to social isolation, lower quality of life, greater health needs, and poorer health outcomes. The prevalence of NCDs is rising in humanitarian settings, where residents are already at an increased risk of mental health problems due to trauma and stressful living conditions.

Host-specific effects of Eubacterium species on Rg3-mediated modulation of osteosarcopenia in a genetically diverse mouse population.

Background: Osteosarcopenia, characterized by the simultaneous loss of bone and muscle mass, is a serious health problem in the aging population. This study investigated the interplay between host genetics, gut microbiota, and musculoskeletal health in a mouse model of osteosarcopenia, exploring the therapeutic potential of gut microbiota modulation.

Methods: We examined the effects of Rg3, a phytochemical, on osteosarcopenia and its interactions with host genetics and gut microbiota in six founder strains of the Collaborative Cross (CC) population.

Membrane mechanics dictate axonal pearls-on-a-string morphology and function.

Axons are ultrathin membrane cables that are specialized for the conduction of action potentials. Although their diameter is variable along their length, how their morphology is determined is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that unmyelinated axons of the mouse central nervous system have nonsynaptic, nanoscopic varicosities ~200 nm in diameter repeatedly along their length interspersed with a thin cable ~60 nm in diameter like pearls-on-a-string.

Postoperative urinary retention after oblique lumbar interbody fusion under the systematic management protocol.

Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive lateral lumbar fusion technique and patients are discharged 1-2 days after surgery. Because OLIF utilizes a retroperitoneal approach close to the superior hypogastric plexus, postoperative urinary retention (POUR) may not be an uncommon problem. The purpose of this study was to present the incidence and outcomes of POUR with a systematic care protocol.

Interpretable survival network for progression risk analysis of multimodality imaging biomarkers in poor-prognosis head and neck cancers.

This study explores the predictive utility of multi-time point, multi-modality quantitative imaging biomarkers (QIBs) and clinical factors in patients with poor-prognosis head and neck cancers (HNCs) using interpretable machine learning. We examined 93 patients with p16 + oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma or locally advanced p16- HNCs enrolled in a phase II adaptive radiation dose escalation trial. FDG-PET and multiparametric MRI scans were conducted before radiation therapy and at the 10th fraction (2 weeks).

Circulating microRNAs as markers for scrub typhus-associated acute kidney injury.

Background: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for various kidney diseases. In this study, we aimed to identify a circulating miRNA signature for detecting acute kidney injury (AKI) in scrub typhus.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 40 patients with scrub typhus (20 with AKI, AKI group; 20 without AKI, non-AKI group) and 20 healthy volunteers (the HV group).

Wafer-Scale Growth of Ultrauniform 2D PtSe Films with Spatial and Thickness Control through Multi-step Metal Conversion.

Metal conversion processes have been instrumental in advancing semiconductor technology by facilitating the growth of thin-film semiconductors, including metal oxides and sulfides. These processes, widely used in the industry, enhance the semiconductor manufacturing efficiency and scalability, offering convenience, large-area fabrication suitability, and high throughput. Furthermore, their application to emerging two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors shows promise in addressing spatial control and layer number control challenges.

Similar Associated Risk of Complications and Death for Adolescent Gunshot Wounds Treated at Pediatric Only Hospitals when Compared to Combined Pediatric and Adult Centers.

Background: Adult trauma centers, including combined pediatric/adult centers (CPACs), see high volumes of penetrating trauma. Few studies have compared outcomes of adolescents presenting with gunshot wounds (GSWSs) at CPACs vs. pediatric only hospitals (POHs).

Stronger binding affinities of in provide insights into HIV/host interactions.

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) exploits the viral protein and host / receptors for the pandemic infection to humans. The host co-receptors of not only humans but also several primates and HIV-model mice can interact with the HIV receptor. However, the molecular mechanisms of these interactions remain unclear.