A Systematic Method to Detect Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Microsatellite Instability in Plasma Cell-Free DNA: plasmaMSI.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) detection using tumor tissue is a well-established prognostic and predictive biomarker for certain types of cancers. However, tumor tissue samples are less convenient to obtain than blood plasma samples. The main challenge facing next-generation sequencing-based MSI detection in blood plasma samples is the ultralow signal/noise ratio in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA).

A feasibility study of using virtual noncontrast images synthesized from dual-energy computed tomography for radiotherapy treatment planning.

Background: In the traditional computed tomography (CT) simulation process, patients need to undergo CT scans before and after injection of iodine-based contrast agent, resulting in a cumbersome workflow and additional imaging dose. Contrast-enhanced spectral CT can synthesize true contrast-enhanced (TCE) images and virtual noncontrast (VNC) images in a single scan without geometric misalignment. To improve work efficiency and reduce patients' imaging dose, we studied the feasibility of using VNC images for radiotherapy treatment planning, with true noncontrast (TNC) images as references and explored its dosimetric advantages compared to using TCE images.

Enhancing Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Low Cu-Containing Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys by Aging Treatment Control.

The 7085 aluminum alloy with a low Cu content is an important lightweight structural material in the aerospace field due to its advantages of low density, high specific strength, and high hardenability. However, like other high-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys, this alloy is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Additionally, the lower Cu content may increase its tendency toward SCC, potentially impacting the safe use of this alloy.

Effect of the Intake of Solid Block Dairy Products Like Cheese on Serum Uric Acid in Children: A Preliminary Mechanistic Investigation.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the intake of solid block dairy products like cheese and serum uric acid levels, along with its potential physiological mechanisms.

Methods: Data for our study were obtained from the Chinese Children and Lactating Women Nutrition and Health Surveillance. Generalized linear models and restricted cubic splines were employed to analyze the relationship between the intake of solid block dairy products like cheese and serum uric acid levels.

ANK Deficiency-Mediated Cytosolic Citrate Accumulation Promotes Aortic Aneurysm.

Background: Disturbed metabolism and transport of citrate play significant roles in various pathologies. However, vascular citrate regulation and its potential role in aortic aneurysm (AA) development remain poorly understood.

Methods: Untargeted metabolomics by mass spectrometry was applied to identify upregulated metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in AA tissues of mice.

HTLV-1 infected T cells cause bone loss via small extracellular vesicles.

Adult T cell leukaemia (ATL), caused by infection with human T- lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is often complicated by hypercalcemia and osteolytic lesions. Therefore, we studied the communication between patient-derived ATL cells (ATL-PDX) and HTLV-1 immortalized CD4+ T cell lines (HTLV/T) with osteoclasts and their effects on bone mass in mice. Intratibial inoculation of some HTLV/T leads to a profound local decrease in bone mass similar to marrow-replacing ATL-PDX, despite the fact that few HTLV/T cells persisted in the bone.

Capture of RNA-binding proteins across mouse tissues using HARD-AP.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) modulate all aspects of RNA metabolism, but a comprehensive picture of RBP expression across tissues is lacking. Here, we describe our development of the method we call HARD-AP that robustly retrieves RBPs and tightly associated RNA regulatory complexes from cultured cells and fresh tissues. We successfully use HARD-AP to establish a comprehensive atlas of RBPs across mouse primary organs.

DNA Methylation Age Mediates Effect of Metabolic Profile on Cardiovascular and General Aging.

Background: Alterations in lipid metabolism and DNA methylation are 2 hallmarks of aging. Connecting metabolomic, epigenomic, and aging outcomes help unravel the complex mechanisms underlying aging. We aimed to assess whether DNA methylation clocks mediate the association of circulating metabolites with incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and frailty.

A Closed-Loop Nanosystem Based on Piezoelectric Sensor and Pd-Nanoshell Photothermal Ablation for Renal Denervation to Treat Hypertension.

Renal sympathetic nerves play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, and renal denervation (RDN) is a new solution for patients with refractory hypertension. However, current RDN techniques show inconsistent results in clinical application probably owing to incomplete endovascular ablation of the sympathetic nerves and a lack of measures to localize and assess efficacy. In this study, a closed-loop RDN system consisting of a sensing unit with a piezoelectric thin-film sensor (PTFS) and a treatment unit with a hollow Pd nanoparticle shell (PdNPS) with a diameter of 202.

Stapokibart (CM310) targets IL-4Rα for the treatment of type 2 inflammation.

Stapokibart (CM310) is a humanized IL-4Rα monoclonal antibody currently undergoing phase 3 trials for type 2 inflammatory diseases. In contrast to dupilumab, which bound exclusively to human IL-4Rα, stapokibart demonstrated cross-species reactivity to IL-4Rα from human, cynomolgus monkey, and rat. Stapokibart exhibited comparable blocking activity to dupilumab.

Multi-Adaptive Strategies-Based Higher-Order Quantum Genetic Algorithm for Agile Remote Sensing Satellite Scheduling Problem.

The agile remote sensing satellite scheduling problem (ARSSSP) for large-scale tasks needs to simultaneously address the difficulties of complex constraints and a huge solution space. Taking inspiration from the quantum genetic algorithm (QGA), a multi-adaptive strategies-based higher-order quantum genetic algorithm (MAS-HOQGA) is proposed for solving the agile remote sensing satellites scheduling problem in this paper. In order to adapt to the requirements of engineering applications, this study combines the total task number and the total task priority as the optimization goal of the scheduling scheme.

Synthesis of nimbolide and its analogues and their application as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 trapping inducers.

Nimbolide, a ring seco-C limonoid natural product, was recently found to inhibit the poly(ADP)-ribosylation (PARylation)-dependent ubiquitin E3 ligase RNF114. In doing so, it induces the 'supertrapping' of both PARylated PARP1 and PAR-dependent DNA-repair factors. PARP1 inhibitors have reshaped the treatment of cancer patients with germline / mutations partly through the PARP1 trapping mechanism.

Enhancing CO fixation by microalgae in a Photobioreactor: Molecular mechanisms with exogenous carbonic anhydrase.

Microalgae biotechnology holds great potential for mitigating CO emissions, yet faces challenges in commercialization due to suboptimal photosynthetic efficiency. This study presents an innovative approach to improve CO mass transfer efficiency in microalgae using carbonic anhydrase (CA) in an internal LED flexible air-lift photobioreactor. Optimal conditions initial inoculation with 3.

Discordant High Remnant Cholesterol With LDL-C Increases the Risk of Stroke: A Chinese Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Previous studies focusing on assessing the effects of remnant cholesterol (RC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) on stroke may not consider their mutual influence. We aimed to explore the associations of RC and discordant high RC with LDL-C with stroke, ischemic stroke (IS), and hemorrhagic stroke.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted based on 3 cohorts of the China-PAR (Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China) project.

Migrasome biogenesis: when biochemistry meets biophysics on membranes.

Migrasomes, newly identified organelles, play crucial roles in intercellular communication, contributing to organ development and angiogenesis. These vesicles, forming on retraction fibers of migrating cells, showcase a sophisticated architecture. Recent research reveals that migrasome biogenesis is a complicated and highly regulated process.