Are Nonpharmacologic Interventions Delivered Through Synchronous Telehealth as Effective and Safe as In-Person Interventions for the Management of Patients With Nonacute Musculoskeletal Conditions? A Systematic Rapid Review.

Objective: To determine whether nonpharmacologic interventions delivered through synchronous telehealth are as effective and safe compared with in-person interventions for the management of patients with musculoskeletal conditions in improving pain, functioning, self-reported recovery, psychological outcomes, or health-related quality of life using rapid review methods.

Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 2010 to August 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English or French; we updated our search in January 2021.

Study Selection: One reviewer screened citations in 2 phases (phase 1: title/abstract; phase 2: full-text) selecting RCTs comparing synchronous telehealth with in-person care for the management of musculoskeletal conditions.

Development and pilot testing of a tool to assess evidence-based practice skills among French general practitioners.

Background: There is currently an absence of valid and relevant instruments to evaluate how Evidence-based Practice (EBP) training improves, beyond knowledge, physicians' skills. Our aim was to develop and test a tool to assess physicians' EBP skills.

Methods: The tool we developed includes four parts to assess the necessary skills for applying EBP steps: clinical question formulation; literature search; critical appraisal of literature; synthesis and decision making.

Burden of road traffic injuries related to delays in implementing safety belt laws in low- and lower-middle-income countries.

Objective: Delayed implementation of effective road safety policies must be considered when quantifying the avoidable part of the fatal and nonfatal injuries burden. We sought to assess the avoidable part of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to road traffic injuries related to delays in implementing road safety laws in low- and lower-middle-income countries.

Methods: We chose one country for each of the regions of the World Health Organization (WHO) and World Bank (WB) country income levels.

Protocole of a controlled before-after evaluation of a national health information technology-based program to improve healthcare coordination and access to information.

Background: Improvement of coordination of all health and social care actors in the patient pathways is an important issue in many countries. Health Information (HI) technology has been considered as a potentially effective answer to this issue. The French Health Ministry first funded the development of five TSN ("Territoire de Soins Numérique"/Digital health territories) projects, aiming at improving healthcare coordination and access to information for healthcare providers, patients and the population, and at improving healthcare professionals work organization.

To Screen or Not to Screen: Reconciling Individual and Population Perspectives on Screening.

Screening is the early detection of a latent disorder by a test to allow early intervention with the aim of improving prognosis. Individual and population perspectives on screening are perceived as opposing interests of patients and the population. In this article, we try to reconcile these perspectives.

Low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer in populations highly exposed to tobacco: A systematic methodological appraisal of published randomised controlled trials.

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening recommendations for lung cancer are contradictory. The French National Authority for Health commissioned experts to carry a systematic review on the effectiveness, acceptability and safety of lung cancer screening with LDCT in subjects highly exposed to tobacco. We used MEDLINE and Embase databases (2003-2014) and identified 83 publications representing ten randomised control trials.

Comparing responsible and non-responsible drivers to assess determinants of road traffic collisions: time to standardise and revisit.

Objectives: In 1994, Robertson and Drummer formalised the responsibility analysis as an alternative to case-control studies in the study of road traffic crashes. Our objective was to assess whether published responsibility studies respected standards defining adequate case-control studies.

Setting: Using Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar, we identified responsibility studies indexed until October 2013, which cited Robertson and Drummer's paper.

Introduction to the findings of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis: what is a prognostic study?

Prognostic studies of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) can serve many purposes. First, they are used to describe paths and outcomes of patients with MTBI. Second, they provide information on which characteristics are associated with the occurrence of outcomes.

Methodological issues and research recommendations for prognosis after mild traumatic brain injury: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis.

The International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI) Prognosis performed a comprehensive search and critical review of the literature from 2001 to 2012 to update the 2002 best-evidence synthesis conducted by the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Neurotrauma, Prevention, Management and Rehabilitation Task Force on the prognosis of MTBI. Of 299 relevant studies, 101 were accepted as scientifically admissible. The methodological quality of the research literature on MTBI prognosis has not improved since the 2002 Task Force report.

Availability and quality of prehospital care on pakistani interurban roads.

Interurban road crashes often result in severe Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs). Prehospital emergency care on interurban roads was rarely evaluated in the low- and middle-income countries. The study highlighted the availability and quality of prehospital care facilities on interurban roads in Pakistan, a low-income country.

Specificity of postconcussion symptoms at 3 months after mild traumatic brain injury: results from a comparative cohort study.

Objective: To assess the specificity of symptoms included in various symptom lists used to identify postconcussion syndrome (PCS), by using follow-up data comparing patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and control patients during the month prior to injury and 3 months later.

Setting: The adult emergency department of a teaching hospital in Bordeaux, France.

Participants: A cohort of patients with MTBI (n = 536) and a comparison group with nonhead injuries (n = 946).

Hazard perception at high- and low-risk road sites: a pilot study of interurban roads in Pakistan and Cameroon.

Objectives: Interurban roads account for a significant proportion of traffic deaths in developing countries. In this pilot study, hazard perceptions of interurban road sites involved in ≥3 injury road traffic crashes were compared with those not involved in road traffic crashes on the same road sections.

Settings: Karachi-Hala (Pakistan) and Yaoundé-Douala (Cameroon) road sections were the main study settings.

S100-B protein as a screening tool for the early assessment of minor head injury.

Study Objective: A computed tomography (CT) scan has high sensitivity in detecting intracranial injury in patients with minor head injury but is costly, exposes patients to high radiation doses, and reveals clinically relevant lesions in less than 10% of cases. We evaluate S100-B protein measurement as a screening tool in a large population of patients with minor head injury.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in the emergency department of a teaching hospital (Bordeaux, France).

Emergency trauma care for severe injuries in a Moroccan region: conformance to French and World Health Organization standards.

In Morocco, injuries account for 11% of total burden of disease. Better organization of emergency care can improve the outcome of trauma patients. In Morocco, these services have been reorganized recently, but were never evaluated.

Burden and factors associated with highway work-zone crashes, on a section of the Karachi-Hala Road, Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the burden and factors associated with highway work-zone (HWZ) crashes.

Design: Historical cohort.

Setting: Section of the Karachi-Hala Road, Pakistan (196 km).

Concordance between road mortality indicators in high-income and low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: Compare concordance between road mortality indicators in high-income (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Study Design: Ecological study.

Population: The most recent (from 2001 to 2006) one-year road traffic data were extracted from the World Road Statistics report, 2008.

Respiratory failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after extubation: value of expiratory flow limitation and airway occlusion pressure after 0.1 second (P0.1).

Purpose: The aim of this study was to confirm the ability of the airway occlusion pressure after 0.1 second (P0.1) recorded after extubation to define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with a high risk of postextubation respiratory failure and to evaluate the role of the expiratory flow limitation (EFL) in these patients.

Road casualties and changes in risky driving behavior in France between 2001 and 2004 among participants in the GAZEL cohort.

Objectives: We investigated behavioral changes in a large cohort of drivers to identify underlying causes of the decline in road casualties in France.

Methods: In 2001 and 2004, 11,240 participants used self-administered questionnaires to report attitudes toward road safety and driving behaviors. Injury road traffic collisions were recorded from 2001 to 2005 through the cohort's annual questionnaire.

Impact of retirement on risky driving behavior and attitudes towards road safety among a large cohort of French drivers (the GAZEL cohort).

Objectives: This study investigated changes in driving behavior and attitudes towards road safety, following retirement, in a large cohort of road users.

Methods: In 2001, 14 226 participants of the GAZEL cohort in France reported their attitudes towards road safety and driving behavior using a self-administered driving behavior and road safety questionnaire. In 2004, 82% of the group (N=11 706) responded to the same questionnaire.

Clinically informative measures of the effect of drugs or other interventions.

What Is Already Known About This Subject: Several comparative measures (ratios, differences, or the number needed to treat) are used to express the effect of a drug or another intervention. These measures can vary in the way they are affected by the background risk measured from the reference group.

What This Study Adds: This paper reviews the formulation, interpretation and limitations of measures of effect.