Pea whey wastewater as a medium additive for the production of docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n3).

In this study, the potential of pea whey wastewater (PWW) as a substrate for the biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was investigated by culturing the strain Aurantiochytrium limacinum SFD-1502. The results showed that culturing SFD-1502 in PWW alone resulted in poor growth, possibly due to an insufficient carbon source. The addition of glucose and monosodium glutamate to PWW resulted in a significant improvement in cell growth, and the dry weight of the cells reaching 43.

Safety and Efficacy of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Intravenous Thrombolysis: The SERIC-IVT Trial.

Background: Approximately half of the patients with acute ischemic stroke who receive intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) do not achieve an excellent outcome. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) as a promising neuroprotective treatment may improve clinical outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of RIC in patients with IVT.

Prediction of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy efficacy for cancer using routine blood tests and clinical data.

Predicting whether a patient with cancer will benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) without resorting to advanced genomic or immunologic assays is an important clinical need. To address this, we developed and evaluated SCORPIO, a machine learning system that utilizes routine blood tests (complete blood count and comprehensive metabolic profile) alongside clinical characteristics from 9,745 ICI-treated patients across 21 cancer types. SCORPIO was trained on data from 1,628 patients across 17 cancer types from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.

Development and Validation of Multiparametric MRI-based Interpretable Deep Learning Radiomics Fusion Model for Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis and Prognosis in Rectal Cancer: A Two-center Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop interpretable machine learning models that utilize deep learning (DL) and radiomics based on multiparametric Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict preoperative lymph node (LN) metastasis in rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study involved 286 cancer patients confirmed by histopathology from center 1 (Training set) and 66 patients from center 2 (External test set). Radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences, whereas DL features were obtained using four models: MobileNet-V3-large, Inception-V3, ResNet50, and VGG16.

Structural regulation of alginate-based adsorbents based on different coordination configurations of metal ions and selective adsorption of copper ion.

To tackle the problem of developing efficient adsorbents for the selective removal of copper ions from wastewater, this investigation focused on the synthesis of Fe-GO/MMT/SA and Al-GO/MMT/SA copper ion adsorbent materials (Fe-GMS and Al-GMS), respectively, by merging two distinct metal ions (Fe(III) and Al(III)) with sodium alginate (SA), graphene oxide (GO), and montmorillonite (MMT). By introducing metal ions with different coordination configurations, the slit structure and pore density of the adsorbents can be effectively controlled, thereby enhancing the selectivity for copper ion adsorption. The results show that Fe-GMS has excellent adsorption capacity for Cu(II) compared with Al(III), and the adsorption capacity and distribution coefficient are 116.

Leptin augments IL-13-induced airway eotaxins and submucosal eosinophilia in obesity-associated asthma.

Background: Airway tissue eosinophilia can be an observed feature of obesity-associated type 2 (T2) asthma, but the processes mediating this inflammation are unknown.

Objective: To investigate a process whereby leptin, an adipokine elevated in obesity, potentiates pulmonary eosinophilia and eotaxin production by airway fibroblasts in T2 asthma.

Methods: We assessed associations between body mass index and airway eosinophilia as well as leptin and eotaxin production in 78 participants with asthma, 36 of whom exhibited obesity.

Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Nonacute Subdural Hematoma.

Background: The effect of embolization of the middle meningeal artery in patients with subacute or chronic subdural hematoma is uncertain.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial in China, involving patients with symptomatic nonacute subdural hematoma with mass effect. Patients were assigned to undergo burr-hole drainage or receive nonsurgical treatment at the surgeon's discretion, and patients in each group were then randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to undergo middle meningeal artery embolization with liquid embolic material or to receive usual care.

Astrocyte transcriptomic changes along the spatiotemporal progression of Alzheimer's disease.

Astrocytes are crucial to brain homeostasis, yet their changes along the spatiotemporal progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology remain unexplored. Here we performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing of 628,943 astrocytes from five brain regions representing the stereotypical progression of AD pathology across 32 donors spanning the entire normal aging to severe AD continuum. We mapped out several unique astrocyte subclusters that exhibited varying responses to neuropathology across the AD-vulnerable neural network (spatial axis) or AD pathology stage (temporal axis).

Quality control for single-cell analysis of high-plex tissue profiles using CyLinter.

Tumors are complex assemblies of cellular and acellular structures patterned on spatial scales from microns to centimeters. Study of these assemblies has advanced dramatically with the introduction of high-plex spatial profiling. Image-based profiling methods reveal the intensities and spatial distributions of 20-100 proteins at subcellular resolution in 10-10 cells per specimen.

Phosphatidylserine-blocking nanoparticles inhibit thrombosis without increased bleeding in mice.

Background: Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a procoagulant phospholipid enriched on surfaces of activated vascular cells including platelets, endothelium, monocytes, and microvesicles. As a molecular driver of thrombosis accessible to drug blockade, PS is an attractive pharmacologic target for modulating thrombogenesis, with potentially reduced bleeding risk compared to anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies.

Objectives: Test antithrombotic capabilities of a liposomal formulation, Zn-dipicolylamine cyanine-3[22,22]/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (molar ratio, 3:97), designated as DPAL, which we previously described binds selectively to PS-enriched cell surfaces, compared with effects on bleeding, in mouse models.

Hyperspectral retinal imaging in Alzheimer's disease and age-related macular degeneration: a review.

While Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases have traditionally been viewed as brain disorders, there is growing evidence indicating their manifestation in the eyes as well. The retina, being a developmental extension of the brain, represents the only part of the central nervous system that can be noninvasively imaged at a high spatial resolution. The discovery of the specific pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease in the retina of patients holds great promise for disease diagnosis and monitoring, particularly in the early stages where disease progression can potentially be slowed.

Engineering next-generation oxygen-generating scaffolds to enhance bone regeneration.

In bone, an adequate oxygen (O) supply is crucial during development, homeostasis, and healing. Oxygen-generating scaffolds (OGS) have demonstrated significant potential to enhance bone regeneration. However, the complexity of O delivery and signaling in vivo makes it challenging to tailor the design of OGS to precisely meet this biological requirement.

Ethanol synthesis catalytic CO hydrogenation over multi-elemental KFeCuZn/ZrO catalyst.

Technological enablers that use CO as a feedstock to create value-added chemicals, including ethanol, have gained widespread appeal. They offer a potential solution to climate change and promote the development of a circular economy. However, the conversion of CO to ethanol poses significant challenges, not only because CO is a thermodynamically stable and chemically inert molecule but also because of the complexity of the reaction routes and uncontrollability of C-C coupling.

Genetic, transcriptomic, histological, and biochemical analysis of progressive supranuclear palsy implicates glial activation and novel risk genes.

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), a rare Parkinsonian disorder, is characterized by problems with movement, balance, and cognition. PSP differs from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other diseases, displaying abnormal microtubule-associated protein tau by both neuronal and glial cell pathologies. Genetic contributors may mediate these differences; however, the genetics of PSP remain underexplored.

Engineered minimal type I CRISPR-Cas system for transcriptional activation and base editing in human cells.

Type I CRISPR-Cas systems are widespread and have exhibited high versatility and efficiency in genome editing and gene regulation in prokaryotes. However, due to the multi-subunit composition and large size, their application in eukaryotes has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we demonstrate that the type I-F2 Cascade, the most compact among type I systems, with a total gene size smaller than that of SpCas9, can be developed for transcriptional activation in human cells.

De novo generation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody CDRH3 with a pre-trained generative large language model.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have made great advances in assisting antibody design. However, antibody design still heavily relies on isolating antigen-specific antibodies from serum, which is a resource-intensive and time-consuming process. To address this issue, we propose a Pre-trained Antibody generative large Language Model (PALM-H3) for the de novo generation of artificial antibodies heavy chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDRH3) with desired antigen-binding specificity, reducing the reliance on natural antibodies.

Twice-Yearly Lenacapavir or Daily F/TAF for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Women.

Background: There are gaps in uptake of, adherence to, and persistence in the use of preexposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention among cisgender women.

Methods: We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial involving adolescent girls and young women in South Africa and Uganda. Participants were assigned in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive subcutaneous lenacapavir every 26 weeks, daily oral emtricitabine-tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF), or daily oral emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF; active control); all participants also received the alternate subcutaneous or oral placebo.

Global Burden of Stroke Attributable to Low Physical Activity/High Body Mass Index Among People Aged 55 Years and Older.

Background: This study aimed to quantify the global stroke burden attributable to low physical activity and high body mass index in adults aged ≥55 years using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.

Methods: We extracted data on stroke mortality, disability-adjusted life years, and risk factor exposure from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study for people aged ≥55 years. We calculated the population-attributable fraction and absolute number of stroke cases and disability-adjusted life years attributable to low physical activity and high body mass index by location, age group, sex, and year.

Efficient ozone decomposition in high humidity environments using novel iron-doped OMS-2-loaded activated carbon material.

This study effectively addresses the rapid deactivation of manganese-based catalysts in humid environments during ozone decomposition by introducing iron-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (Fe-OMS-2) catalysts supported on activated carbon (AC). By optimizing the doping ratio of Fe-OMS-2, the Fe-OMS-2/AC catalyst achieves nearly 100% ozone decomposition efficiency across a wide range of relative humidity levels (0 to 60%), even at elevated air flow rates of 800 L·g·h, outperforming standalone AC, Fe-OMS-2, or a simple mixture of OMS-2 and AC. The Fe-OMS-2/AC catalyst features a porous surface and a mesoporous structure, providing a substantial specific surface area that facilitates the uniform distribution of the Fe-OMS-2 active phase on the AC surface.

mutation confers resilience against tau pathology via cGAS-STING-IFN inhibition.

The Christchurch mutation (R136S) on the () gene is associated with low tau pathology and slowdown of cognitive decline despite the causal mutation and high levels of amyloid beta pathology in the carrier. However, the molecular effects enabling mutation to confer protection remain unclear. Here, we replaced mouse Apoe with wild-type human or on a tauopathy background.

Tabelecleucel for EBV+ PTLD after allogeneic HCT or SOT in a multicenter expanded access protocol.

Patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (EBV+ PTLD) in whom initial treatment fails have few options and historically low median overall survival (OS) of 0.7 months after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and 4.1 months after solid organ transplant (SOT).

Occurrence, multiphase partition and risk assessment of organic amine pesticides in drinking water source of Xiang River, China.

The extensive use of organic amine pesticides (OAPs) in agricultural practices has resulted in the contamination of water environments, posing threats to ecosystems and human health. This study focused on the Xiang River (XR), a representative drinking water source, as the research area to investigate the occurrence characteristics of 34 OAPs. Diphenylamine emerged as the most prevalent OAP in surface water due to industrial and agricultural activities, while cycloate dominated in sediments due to cumulative effects.