Advanced nitrate removal in sulfur autotrophic denitrification biofilter under dissolved oxygen shock and low temperature enhanced by boron oxide and magnesium oxide: Hydrogen sulfide accumulation and regulation.

Strengthening nitrate removal stability of sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) under environmental stress is of great urgency. This study established a biofilter filled with S-based filter material modified by boron oxide and magnesium oxide (FM). Hydrogen sulfide (HS) accumulation reached 18.

A broadband hyperspectral image sensor with high spatio-temporal resolution.

Hyperspectral imaging provides high-dimensional spatial-temporal-spectral information showing intrinsic matter characteristics. Here we report an on-chip computational hyperspectral imaging framework with high spatial and temporal resolution. By integrating different broadband modulation materials on the image sensor chip, the target spectral information is non-uniformly and intrinsically coupled to each pixel with high light throughput.

Effective microorganism combinations improve the quality of compost-bedded pack products in heifer barns: exploring pack bacteria-fungi interaction mechanisms.

Background: Compost-bedded pack barns (CBP) are getting huge attention as an alternative housing system for dairy cows due to their beneficial impact on animal welfare. Effective microorganisms (EM) inoculums are believed to enhance compost quality, improve soil structure and benefit the environment. However, little information is available on the impact of incubation with external EM combinations on the barn environment, compost quality and microbial diversity in CBP.

Potent human monoclonal antibodies targeting Epstein-Barr virus gp42 reveal vulnerable sites for virus infection.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is linked to various malignancies and autoimmune diseases, posing a significant global health challenge due to the lack of specific treatments or vaccines. Despite its crucial role in EBV infection in B cells, the mechanisms of the glycoprotein gp42 remain elusive. In this study, we construct an antibody phage library from 100 EBV-positive individuals, leading to the identification of two human monoclonal antibodies, 2B7 and 2C1.

Anti-TIGIT antibody improves PD-L1 blockade through myeloid and T cells.

Tiragolumab, an anti-TIGIT antibody with an active IgG1κ Fc, demonstrated improved outcomes in the phase 2 CITYSCAPE trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03563716 ) when combined with atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) versus atezolizumab alone. However, there remains little consensus on the mechanism(s) of response with this combination.

Correlation between Colour Traits and Intrinsic Quality of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum.

T. Chen is traditionally referred to as "Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum" in traditional Chinese medicine. Its quality is typically assessed subjectively based on colour and texture observations and lacks a universal grading system.

Morphology of hypertrophied basal septum contributes to left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: Detailed assessment of basal septal morphology is essential for understanding the morphological mechanism of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. We aimed to analyze the morphological alterations of the basal septum (BS) and its surrounding structures and explore their role in LVOT obstruction (LVOTO) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Methods: During January 2019 and December 2019, 239 patients were diagnosed with HCM at Fuwai Hospital.

Fragmentation of outage clusters during the recovery of power distribution grids.

The understanding of recovery processes in power distribution grids is limited by the lack of realistic outage data, especially large-scale blackout datasets. By analyzing data from three electrical companies across the United States, we find that the recovery duration of an outage is connected with the downtime of its nearby outages and blackout intensity (defined as the peak number of outages during a blackout), but is independent of the number of customers affected. We present a cluster-based recovery framework to analytically characterize the dependence between outages, and interpret the dominant role blackout intensity plays in recovery.

Tumor-targeted dual-starvation therapy based on redox-responsive micelle nanosystem with co-loaded LND and BPTES.

The starvation therapy mediated by the lonidamine (LND) was limited by the low drug delivery efficiency, off-target effect and compensative glutamine metabolism. Herein, a hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified reduction-responsive micellar nanosystem co-loaded with glycolysis and glutamine metabolism inhibitor (LND and bis-2-(5-phenylacetmido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide, BPTES) was constructed for tumor-targeted dual-starvation therapy. The and results collectively suggested that the fabricated nanosystem could effectively endocytosed by tumor cells via HA receptor-ligand recognition, and rapidly release starvation-inducers LND and BPTES in response to the GSH-rich intratumoral cytoplasm.

Rosuvastatin Slows Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: The METEOR-China Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide, including in China. Primary prevention, through lipid-lowering, could avert development of atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a well-validated measure of atherosclerosis used in intervention studies as the primary outcome and alternative end point for cardiovascular disease events.

Characterization of the (Engineered) Branching Sucrase GtfZ-CD2 from Apilactobacillus kunkeei for Efficient Glucosylation of Benzenediol Compounds.

Branching sucrases, a subfamily of Glycoside Hydrolase family (GH70), display transglycosidase activity using sucrose as donor substrate to catalyze glucosylation reaction in the presence of suitable acceptor substrates. In this study, the (α1→3) branching sucrase GtfZ-CD2 from DSM 12361 was demonstrated to glucosylate benzenediol compounds (i.e.

Hourly Air Pollutants and Acute Coronary Syndrome Onset in 1.29 Million Patients.

Background: Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been linked with daily hospitalization and mortality from acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, the associations of subdaily (hourly) levels of criteria air pollutants with the onset of ACS and its subtypes have rarely been evaluated.

Methods: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study among 1 292 880 patients with ACS from 2239 hospitals in 318 Chinese cities between January 1, 2015, and September 30, 2020. Hourly concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM), coarse particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO), sulfur dioxide (SO), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O) were collected.

Lipid nanoparticles enhance the efficacy of mRNA and protein subunit vaccines by inducing robust T follicular helper cell and humoral responses.

Adjuvants are critical for improving the quality and magnitude of adaptive immune responses to vaccination. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines have shown great efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the mechanism of action of this vaccine platform is not well-characterized. Using influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 mRNA and protein subunit vaccines, we demonstrated that our LNP formulation has intrinsic adjuvant activity that promotes induction of strong T follicular helper cell, germinal center B cell, long-lived plasma cell, and memory B cell responses that are associated with durable and protective antibodies in mice.

Heterogeneous Diels-Alder tandem catalysis for converting cellulose and polyethylene into BTX.

Producing biomass-derived aromatic hydrocarbons via controllable Diels-Alder reactions is a promising approach to recover energy and chemicals from waste streams. A tandem Diels-Alder catalysis consisting of SAPO-34 and Fe/HZSM-5 (stacked catalysis or mixed catalysis) was evaluated for thermochemical conversion of cellulose and polyethylene blends into benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX). Aromatization catalyst type significantly affected the activity of tandem catalysis, and the BTX obtained from the HZSM-5 stacked catalysis was ~2.

A mid-level data fusion approach for evaluating the internal and external changes determined by FT-NIR, electronic nose and colorimeter in Curcumae Rhizoma processing.

The aim of this study was to establish a robust and rapid method for identification of the changes of Curcumae Rhizoma (CR) in its physical properties and the components after processing. Color and odor used as the indexes for physical property evaluation in this study were quantified by non-targeted bionic detectors colorimeter and e-nose according to Chinese pharmacopoeia, and all chemical changes of the samples were observed by NIR. The technique of mid-level data fusion was adopted to simulate the recognition mode of human, and the prediction accuracy was 100%.

Response of Chinese Anesthesiologists to the COVID-19 Outbreak.

The coronavirus disease 2019, named COVID-19 officially by the World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland) on February 12, 2020, has spread at unprecedented speed. After the first outbreak in Wuhan, China, Chinese anesthesiologists encountered increasing numbers of infected patients since December 2019. Because the main route of transmission is via respiratory droplets and close contact, anesthesia providers are at a high risk when responding to the devastating mass emergency.

Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Survival After Ischemic Stroke.

Background and Purpose- China bears a heavy burden of stroke because of its large population of elderly people and the propensity for stroke. Previous studies have examined the association between air pollution and stroke mortality or hospital admission. However, the global evidence for adverse effects of air pollution on survival after stroke is scarce.

Dietary Diversity and Food Variety in Chinese Children Aged 3⁻17 Years: Are They Negatively Associated with Dietary Micronutrient Inadequacy?

Micronutrient inadequacy remains a nutritional problem in Chinese children. However, the associations between dietary diversity and inadequate micronutrient intake have not been extensively studied. A total of 2012 children aged 3⁻17 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included for analysis.

The TMAO-Producing Enzyme Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase 3 Regulates Obesity and the Beiging of White Adipose Tissue.

Emerging evidence suggests that microbes resident in the human intestine represent a key environmental factor contributing to obesity-associated disorders. Here, we demonstrate that the gut microbiota-initiated trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)-generating pathway is linked to obesity and energy metabolism. In multiple clinical cohorts, systemic levels of TMAO were observed to strongly associate with type 2 diabetes.

Preparation of 6/8/11-Amino/Chloro-Oxoisoaporphine and Group-10 Metal Complexes and Evaluation of Their in Vitro and in Vivo Antitumor Activity.

A series of group-10 metal complexes 1-14 of oxoisoaporphine derivatives were designed and synthesized. 1-14 were more selectively cytotoxic to Hep-G2 cells comparing with normal liver cells. In vitro cytotoxicity results showed that complexes 1-6, 7, 8, 10 and 11, especially 3, were telomerase inhibitors targeting c-myc, telomeric, and bcl-2 G4s and triggered cell senescence and apoptosis; they also caused telomere/DNA damage and S phase arrest.

High in vivo antitumor activity of cobalt oxoisoaporphine complexes by targeting G-quadruplex DNA, telomerase and disrupting mitochondrial functions.

Two G-quadruplex ligands: [Co(H-L)Cl] (Co1) and [Co(L)][CoCl]⋅2HO (Co2) have been synthesized and characterized. Two cobalt oxoisoaporphine complexes exhibited selective cytotoxicity to SK-OV-3/DDP cells than for HL-7702 cells. Cytotoxic mechanism studies indicated that both Co1 and Co2 were telomerase inhibitor targeting c-myc, telomere, and bcl-2 G4s, and triggering cell senescence and apoptosis, which caused S phase arrest.

Endocrine-Disrupting Activity of Hydraulic Fracturing Chemicals and Adverse Health Outcomes After Prenatal Exposure in Male Mice.

Oil and natural gas operations have been shown to contaminate surface and ground water with endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In the current study, we fill several gaps in our understanding of the potential environmental impacts related to this process. We measured the endocrine-disrupting activities of 24 chemicals used and/or produced by oil and gas operations for five nuclear receptors using a reporter gene assay in human endometrial cancer cells.

Analysis of bolus formation in micropipette ejection systems.

The ejection of drugs from micropipettes is practiced frequently in biomedical research and clinical studies however, little is known about the dynamics of this process. The fundamentals of disperse fluid injection via a capillary into an ambient immiscible fluid have been investigated extensively. Here, we experimentally investigate the bolus formation in micropipette ejection systems, where the injection and ambient fluid are the same.

Stabilization of G-quadruplex DNA, inhibition of telomerase activity, and tumor cell apoptosis by organoplatinum(II) complexes with oxoisoaporphine.

Two G-quadruplex ligands [Pt(L(a))(DMSO)Cl] (Pt1) and [Pt(L(b))(DMSO)Cl] (Pt2) have been synthesized and fully characterized. The two complexes are more selective for SK-OV-3/DDP tumor cells versus normal cells (HL-7702). It was found that both Pt1 and Pt2 could be a telomerase inhibitor targeting G-quadruplex DNA.