Testing the genomic overlap between intraspecific mating traits and interspecific mating barriers.

Differences in interspecific mating traits, such as male sexual signals and female preferences, often evolve quickly as initial barriers to gene flow between nascent lineages, and they may also strengthen such barriers during secondary contact via reinforcement. However, it is an open question whether loci contributing to intraspecific variation in sexual traits are co-opted during the formation and strengthening of mating barriers between species. To test this, we used a population genomics approach in natural populations of Australian cricket sister species that overlap in a contact zone: and First, we identified loci associated with intraspecific variation in mating signals: advertisement song and cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) pheromones.

Anaemia Profile and Inflammation Markers in Stunted Children Under Two Years in Indonesia.

Stunting is a common issue affecting children who suffer from chronic malnutrition in Indonesia. The Indonesian government has introduced supplementary food programs for stunted children, but the results have been less satisfactory. This may be due to the presence of anaemia and comorbid diseases.

Competing adaptations maintain nonadaptive variation in a wild cricket population.

How emerging adaptive variants interact is an important factor in the evolution of wild populations, but the opportunity to empirically study this interaction is rare. We recently documented the emergence of an adaptive phenotype "curly-wing" in Hawaiian populations of field crickets (). Curly-wing inhibits males' ability to sing, protecting them from eavesdropping parasitoid flies ().

Noroviruses: Evolutionary Dynamics, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Vaccine Advances-A Comprehensive Review.

Noroviruses constitute a significant aetiology of sporadic and epidemic gastroenteritis in human hosts worldwide, especially among young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. The low infectious dose of the virus, protracted shedding in faeces, and the ability to persist in the environment promote viral transmission in different socioeconomic settings. Considering the substantial disease burden across healthcare and community settings and the difficulty in controlling the disease, we review aspects related to current knowledge about norovirus biology, mechanisms driving the evolutionary trends, epidemiology and molecular diversity, pathogenic mechanism, and immunity to viral infection.

Evidence for gene flow and trait reversal during radiation of Mexican Goodeid fish.

Understanding the phylogeographic history of a group and identifying the factors contributing to speciation is an important challenge in evolutionary biology. The Goodeinae are a group of live-bearing fishes endemic to Mexico. Here, we develop genomic resources for species within the Goodeinae and use phylogenomic approaches to characterise their evolutionary history.