30-Day Readmissions and the Need for Emergency Surgery Following Non-Operative Management of Perforated Diverticulitis.

Limited data are available on the evaluation and outcomes of patients with perforated diverticulitis who were treated without surgery. This retrospective review was aimed at investigating the 30-day non-elective re-admission rates for patients hospitalized with perforated diverticular disease who were treated without surgery, rates of patients requiring surgery on re-admission, and the independent predictors of re-admission. A total of 143,546 patients from the National Readmission Database, between 2016 and 2020, who were admitted with perforated diverticulitis and treated non-operatively were reviewed.

Spatial cognitive ability is associated with longevity in food-caching chickadees.

Cognitive abilities are hypothesized to affect survival and life span in nonhuman animals. However, most tests of this hypothesis have relied on interspecific comparisons of indirect measures of cognitive ability, such as brain size. We present direct evidence that individual variation in cognitive abilities is associated with differences in life span in a wild food caching bird.

Relative breeding timing and reproductive success of a resident montane bird species.

Wild populations appear to synchronize their reproductive phenology based on numerous environmental and ecological factors; yet, there is still individual variation in the timing of reproduction within populations and such variation may be associated with fitness consequences. For example, many studies have documented a seasonal decline in reproductive fitness, but breeding timing may have varying consequences across different environments. Using 11 years of data, we investigated the relationship between relative breeding timing and reproductive success in resident mountain chickadees () across two elevational bands in the Sierra Nevada mountains, USA.

Barriers to elective cholecystectomy following emergency department discharge for symptomatic cholelithiasis.

Background: Patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis are often discharged from the Emergency Department (ED) and asked to follow-up for elective cholecystectomy. We aimed to identify the social determinants of health (SDOH) that serve as barriers to elective cholecystectomy and to assess the associated impact on patient outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a multi-institutional, retrospective cohort study of patients discharged from the ED with symptomatic cholelithiasis.