Improving duplex ultrasound methods for diagnosing functional popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.

Objectives: Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a rare condition where musculoskeletal structures compress the popliteal artery (POPA) leading to vascular compromise. This study investigates the effect of dynamic plantar- and dorsi-flexion loading on POPA hemodynamic parameters to develop a robust diagnostic ultrasound-based protocol for diagnosing functional PAES.

Methods: Healthy individuals (n = 20), recreational athletes (n = 20), and symptomatic (n = 20) PAES patients were consented.

Right iliac fossa kidney: Differential diagnoses.

A right iliac fossa kidney is rarely encountered by the general clinician but multiple diagnoses should be considered.

Surgical management of a symptomatic extracranial internal carotid artery aneurysm and coexisting carotid body tumor.

Treatment of carotid body tumors and extracranial carotid artery aneurysms are well documented in the literature as separate entities. As distinct pathologies, they present technical difficulties with high complication rates. No patients with simultaneous carotid body tumors and extracranial internal carotid artery aneurysms have been reported.

A case of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma of the knee.

We report the case of a gentleman with a primary cutaneous B cell lymphoma of the leg who underwent an amputation and later died. This is an uncommon type of cutaneous lymphoma with poor prognosis and the case demonstrates how aggressive the tumor can become.