Glypican-4 in pregnancy and its relation to glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and gestational diabetes mellitus status.

Glypican-4 (GPC-4) is an adipokine that enhances insulin receptor signaling. Plasma concentrations were found to be elevated in patients with prediabetes but reduced in type 2 diabetes mellitus. No study on Glypican-4 in pregnancy and pregnancy-related insulin resistance has been published yet.

Decreased beta-cell function in breastfeeding obese and non-obese women: A prospective observational study.

Background & Aims: Obesity is associated with lower breastfeeding rates. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not well-understood, but there is increasing evidence on an association between parameters of maternal glucose metabolism and prolactin concentrations. In this cross-sectional observational study we investigate the relationship between breastfeeding, maternal obesity, and maternal glucose metabolism postpartum with beta cell function as a primary outcome measure.

Parameters for calcium metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome who undergo clomiphene citrate stimulation: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate whether parameters for calcium metabolism were associated with characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Methods: Ninety-one anovulatory, infertile women with PCOS patients underwent clomiphene citrate (CC) stimulation.