Early spinal cord pseudoatrophy in interferon-beta-treated multiple sclerosis.

Background And Purpose: Brain pseudoatrophy has been shown to play a pivotal role in the interpretation of brain atrophy measures during the first year of disease-modifying therapy in multiple sclerosis. Whether pseudoatrophy also affects the spinal cord remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent of pseudoatrophy in the upper spinal cord during the first 2 years after therapy initiation and compare this to the brain.

Treating chronic urticaria refractory to H1-antihistamines in Russia: data from the AWARE study.

Introduction: Data on burden and treatment outcomes of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) in Russia are limited. Poor adherence to recommended treatments can lead to suboptimal management of CSU patients.

Aim: To understand disease burden, treatment algorithms, and outcomes of CSU in the Russian cohort of the AWARE study.

Longitudinal advanced MRI case report of white matter radiation necrosis.

Radiation necrosis mostly occurs in and near the radiation field. We used magnetic resonance imaging to study radiation-induced necrosis of atypical onset, severity, and extent following stereotactic radiosurgery for a symptomatic arteriovenous malformation. Susceptibility-sensitive imaging, T-relaxation, myelin water imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy were acquired three times up to 52 months postradiosurgery.

The genome of the kinetoplastid parasite, Leishmania major.

Leishmania species cause a spectrum of human diseases in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. We have sequenced the 36 chromosomes of the 32.8-megabase haploid genome of Leishmania major (Friedlin strain) and predict 911 RNA genes, 39 pseudogenes, and 8272 protein-coding genes, of which 36% can be ascribed a putative function.