CO2, HCO3, SID, and total weak acids have been defined as pH's independent variables. However, according to Gamble, HCO3 should be equal to the difference between the sum of cations and the sum of anions besides HCO3. Therefore, if this mathematical expression is substituted for HCO3 in the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, all independent variables of pH can be demonstrated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: CD-8 T-cells are responsible for the clearance of virally infected cells. In patients with Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, there are quantitative reductions and functional impairments in T-cells. Low CD-8 T-cell levels cause worse clinical situations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo practically determine the effect of chloride (Cl) on the acid-base status, four approaches are currently used: accepted ranges of serum Cl values; Cl corrections; the serum Cl/Na ratio; and the serum Na-Cl difference. However, these approaches are governed by different concepts. Our aim is to investigate which approach to the evaluation of the effect of Cl is the best.
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