Correlates of Protection Against Symptomatic COVID-19: The CORSER 5 Case-Control Study.

Background: Establishing correlates of protection often requires large cohorts. A rapid and adaptable case-control study design can be used to identify antibody correlates of protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in serum and saliva.

Methods: We designed a case-control study to compare antibody levels between cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days of symptom onset and uninfected controls.

Livedoid vasculopathy, calciphylaxis, and hypertensive ischemic ulcer: update on ischemic ulcers due to impaired microcirculation of the lower limbs.

Ischemic ulcers due to compromised microcirculation of the lower limbs cause painful ulcers that pose a challenge for the correct diagnosis and treatment. Livedoid vasculopathy, calciphylaxis, and Martorell's hypertensive ischemic ulcer are part of this group and present some similarities due to microvascular occlusive impairment. They are often misdiagnosed as inflammatory ulcers such as pyoderma gangrenosum and vasculitis.

Hyponatremia with an Osmolar Gap, Pseudohyponatremia or Hyper-Osmolar Hyponatremia?

Pseudohyponatremia is frequently misunderstood and often mistaken for other types of hyponatremia. In this study, we present a case of pseudohyponatremia resulting from hypertriglyceridemia. We provide an in-depth analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved, comparing them with those of other hyponatremic disorders, and outline the diagnostic approach used to identify this atypical form of hyponatremia.

Utilization of Low-Dose Phentermine for Weight Loss Prior to Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, and Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Studies examining preoperative weight loss using pharmacotherapy in metabolic and bariatric patients are limited. The objective was to investigate if patients taking a low-dose formulation of phentermine had improved weight loss.

Methods: This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial including patients undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy.

Lupus nephritis: Biomarkers.

Lupus nephritis (LN) or renal involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is a common manifestation occurring in at least 50 % of SLE patients. LN remains a significant source of morbidity, often leading to progressive renal dysfunction and is a major cause of death in SLE. Despite these challenges, advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis and genetic underpinnings of LN have led to a commendable expansion in available treatments over the past decade.