Detection of pregnancies with high risk of fetal macrosomia among women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To compare the frequency of fetal macrosomia and Erb's palsy in two groups of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and in healthy controls.

Design: Retrospective clinical study of women with GDM.

Setting: Pregnant women in Greater Helsinki area.

Obstetric outcome in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) often have insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia and may therefore be at an increased risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Hyperinsulinaemia may also be associated with pre-eclampsia. Information concerning outcome of pregnancies in PCOS women is scanty and somewhat controversial.

Glycaemic control is associated with pre-eclampsia but not with pregnancy-induced hypertension in women with type I diabetes mellitus.

Aims/hypothesis: To investigate the association between glycaemic control and hypertensive pregnancy complications.

Methods: From 1988 to 1997, we followed up 683 consecutive non-selected pregnancies in women with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Glycaemic control was assessed by assay of HbA1c.

Glycaemic control during early pregnancy and fetal malformations in women with type I diabetes mellitus.

Aims/hypothesis: To assess the relation between glycaemic control in early pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations in offspring of mothers with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.

Methods: From 1988-1997, we prospectively collected data from 691 pregnancies and 709 offspring of 488 women with Type I diabetes in a specific geographic area in Southern Finland. Glycated haemoglobin A1c at less than 14 weeks of gestation was used as the indicator of glycaemic control.

Resistance of Trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole: report of the first three cases from Finland and optimization of in vitro susceptibility testing under various oxygen concentrations.

Trichomonas vaginalis is a globally common sexually transmitted human parasite. Many strains of T. vaginalis from around the world have been described to be resistant to the current drug of choice, metronidazole.