Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab does not prevent COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis and related disorders on B-cell depleting therapies.

Background: Patients with MS and related disorders (pwMSARD) on B-cell depleting treatments have attenuated immune responses to vaccination and were eligible to receive tixagevimab/cilgavimab.

Objectives: Understand incidence and severity of COVID-19 in pwMSARD on B-cell depleting therapies who received tixagevimab/cilgavimab compared to an untreated group.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical records review of adult pwMSARD on B-cell depleting treatments who received tixagevimab/cilgavimab between 1/2022-1/2023.

Preserved T cell but attenuated antibody response in MS patients on fingolimod and ocrelizumab following 2nd and 3rd SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine.

Background: There is limited knowledge about T cell responses in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) after 3 doses of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccine.

Objectives: Assess the SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody and T cell responses in MS patients and healthy controls (HCs) after 2 doses (2-vax) and 3 doses (3-vax) of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.

Methods: We studied seroconversion rates and T cell responses by flow cytometry in HC and MS patients on fingolimod or ocrelizumab.

Humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in MS patients on disease modifying therapy: Immune profiles and clinical outcomes.

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) on some disease modifying therapies (DMTs), particularly anti-CD20 and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) modulators, are at increased risk of severe Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) and death. COVID-19 vaccinations are effective in preventing infection and severe disease, but humoral response to vaccination and outcomes of COVID-19 infection after vaccination in MS patients on DMTs remain less understood.

Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, patients enrolled in the CLIMB (Comprehensive Longitudinal Investigation of Multiple Sclerosis at Brigham and Women's Hospital) study and biorepository who had been vaccinated against COVID-19 and had SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody (anti-SARS-CoV-2 S Roche-Elecsys) testing were identified and compared to healthy controls.

COVID-19 severity is associated with worsened neurological outcomes in multiple sclerosis and related disorders.

Background: Neurologic outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and related disorders (MSRD) following COVID-19 is not well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate neurologic outcomes in patients with MSRD post-COVID-19.

Methods: This was a retrospective medical records review study of adult patients with MSRD and COVID-19 infection at the Brigham MS Center.

Sample size requirements for one-year treatment effects using deep gray matter volume from 3T MRI in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis.

Objective: The subcortical deep gray matter (DGM) develops selective, progressive, and clinically relevant atrophy in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (PMS). This patient population is the target of active neurotherapeutic development, requiring the availability of outcome measures. We tested a fully automated MRI analysis pipeline to assess DGM atrophy in PMS.