Polyamine biomarkers as indicators of human disease.

The significant increase of periodontitis, chronic kidney disease (CKD), Alzheimer's disease and cancer can be attributed to an ageing population. Each disease produces a range of biomarkers that can be indicative of disease onset and progression. Biomarkers are defined as cellular (intra/extracellular components and whole cells), biochemical (metabolites, ions and toxins) or molecular (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids) alterations which are measurable in biological media such as human tissues, cells or fluids.

Molybdenum Disulfide Surfaces to Reduce and Biofilm Formation.

The reduction of bacteria and biofilm formation is important when designing surfaces for use in industry. Molybdenum disulfide surfaces (MoS) were produced using MoS particle (MoS) sizes of 90 nm, 2 μm, and 6 μm containing MoS concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. These were tested to determine the efficacy of the MoS to impede bacterial retention and biofilm formation of two different types of bacteria, and .

Exploring the putative interactions between chronic kidney disease and chronic periodontitis.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic periodontitis (CP) are both common diseases, which are found disproportionately comorbid with each other and have been reported to have a detrimental effect on the progression of each respective disease. They have an overlap in risk factors and both are a source of systemic inflammation along with a wide selection of immunological and non-specific effects that can affect the body over the lifespan of the conditions. Previous studies have investigated the directionality of the relationship between these two diseases; however, there is a lack of literature that has examined how these diseases may be interacting at the localized and systemic level.

Salt and Water Retention Is Associated with Microinflammation and Endothelial Injury in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) inevitably leads to salt and water retention and disturbances in the macro-and microcirculation.

Objectives: We hypothesize that salt and water dysregulation in advanced CKD may be linked to inflammation and microvascular injury pathways.

Methods: We studied 23 CKD stage 5 patients and 11 healthy controls (HC).

A novel microbiological medium for the growth of periodontitis associated pathogens.

A novel microbiological medium designed to be more representative of gingival crevicular fluid. Chosen representative periodontal microorganisms showed good growth with minimal effect on human cell viability. This will enable more comparisons between different periodontitis associated organisms and their potential role in host health and systemic disease.