Mepolizumab in patients with lymphoid variant hypereosinophilic syndrome: a multi-center prospective study.

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is characterized by blood and tissue hypereosinophilia causing organ damage and/or dysfunction. Mepolizumab, an anti-IL-5 antibody, has recently been approved in this indication. In lymphoid variant (L-)HES, eosinophil expansion is driven by IL-5-producing clonal CD3CD4 T cells.

CD3CD4 Lymphocytic Variant Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Diagnostic Tools Revisited.

Background: Identification of patients with lymphocytic variant hypereosinophilic syndrome (L-HES) is challenging, and has important prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Objective: This study was undertaken to assess diagnostic tools for L-HES and to develop evidence-based diagnostic recommendations.

Methods: Biomarkers of T-cell-driven disease were compared between patients with L-HES versus idiopathic HES (I-HES) variants.

Eosinophilia Associated With CD3CD4 T Cells: Characterization and Outcome of a Single-Center Cohort of 26 Patients.

Lymphocytic variant hypereosinophilic syndrome is characterized by marked over-production of eosinophilopoietic factor(s) by dysregulated T cells leading to eosinophil expansion. In most cases, these T cells are clonal and express a CD3CD4 phenotype. As this is a rare disorder, presenting manifestations, disease course, treatment responses, and outcome are not well-characterized.

Proportions of interferon-γ-producing ascites lymphocytes in response to mycobacterial antigens: A help for early diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis in a low TB incidence country.

Background: Peritoneal tuberculosis (TB) remains difficult to diagnose because of its non-specific clinical features and the lack of efficient microbiological tests. As delayed diagnosis is associated with high mortality rates, new diagnostic tools are needed.

Methods And Findings: We investigated for 24 patients prospectively enrolled with a possible diagnosis of peritoneal TB, the diagnostic value of the analysis of IFN-γ production by peritoneal fluid lymphocytes in response to a short in vitro stimulation with mycobacterial antigens.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infects Regulatory B Cells in Human Neonates via Chemokine Receptor CX3CR1 and Promotes Lung Disease Severity.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and is characterized by pulmonary infiltration of B cells in fatal cases. We analyzed the B cell compartment in human newborns and identified a population of neonatal regulatory B lymphocytes (nBreg cells) that produced interleukin 10 (IL-10) in response to RSV infection. The polyreactive B cell receptor of nBreg cells interacted with RSV protein F and induced upregulation of chemokine receptor CX3CR1.