Molecular characterization of Newcastle disease virus vaccines in Nigeria.

Background And Aim: Newcastle disease (ND) caused by ND virus (NDV) is a serious impediment to effective poultry production in developing countries such as Nigeria. Despite employing vaccination and other control measures to curtail this disease, its severe forms still persist. This study aimed to confirm the virus strains in the NDV vaccine brands commonly used in Nigeria.

Co-inections of domestic and wild birds with avian influenza and Newcastle disease viruses: implications for control and genetic mutations.

Co-infections of birds' upper respiratory tract by avian pathogens are common and cause increasing economic losses. This study determines co-infection status of avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) in birds in two Nigerian states with different highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) records and where modified stamping out policy contained the virus for seven years after which the virus resurged with higher infectivity in 2015. A cross-sectional study sampling 910 apparently healthy domestic and 90 wild birds from wild habitats, commercial poultry farms, households and live bird markets (LBMs) was conducted.

Seroepidemiology and assessment of risk factors for the spread of avian influenza in birds in two Nigerian states.

Despite modified stamping out eradication policy adopted in Nigeria, there was resurgence in 2015 of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 with greater infectivity. A survey of the risk of spread of HPAI in two HPAI-infected and -uninfected Nigerian states were studied. A cross-sectional study to detect avian influenza (AI) H5 antibodies was conducted using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Outbreaks of Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease in Flocks of Battery Cage Brooding System of Commercial Chickens.

Clinical and pathological investigations were conducted on outbreaks of infectious bursal disease (IBD) in pullets under brooding using the battery cage system in a commercial poultry farm in Kaduna, Nigeria. Two consecutive outbreaks of IBD on the same farm were studied. The onset of the disease and morbidity and mortality rates were recorded.