Ascospore Release and Infection of Apple Leaves by Conidia and Ascospores of Venturia inaequalis at Low Temperatures.

ABSTRACT Mills' infection period table describes the number of hours of continuous leaf wetness required at temperatures from 6 to 25 degrees C for infection of apple leaves by ascospores of Venturia inaequalis and reports that conidia require approximately two-thirds the duration of leaf wetness required by ascospores at any given temperature. Mills' table also provides a general guideline that more than 2 days of wetting is required for leaf infection by ascospores below 6 degrees C. Although the table is widely used, infection times shorter than those in the table have been reported in lab and field studies.

Discharge and Dissemination of Ascospores by Venturia inaequalis During Dew.

Abundant airborne ascospores of the apple scab pathogen (Venturia inaequalis) have never before been observed during periods of dew. We studied ascospore release in V. inaequalis in two orchards in southeastern Norway using Burkard 7-day volumetric spore traps.

Prognostic value of the pentagastrin and insulin tests after proximal gastric vagotomy.

A review was made of 72 patients 3--6 years after proximal gastric vagotomy without drainage operation for duodenal ulcer. To assess the prognostic value of gastric acid secretory analyses, the correlation between the clinical results and the pentagastrin and insulin tests made preoperatively and 2 months postoperatively was determined. The preoperative secretory analyses showed no such correlation.