Five year mortality in an RCT of a lung cancer biomarker to select people for low dose CT screening.

The role of biomarkers in risk-based early detection of lung cancer may enable screening to become cost effective and widely accessible. EarlyCDT-Lung is an example of such a blood-based autoantibody biomarker which may improve accessibility to Low dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) screening for those at highest risk. We randomized 12 208 individuals aged 50-75 at high risk of developing lung cancer to either the test or to standard clinical care.

Factors and Outcomes Associated With Using Scratch-Cooked, Organic, and Locally Grown Foods in School Meals in California.

Background: Incorporating scratch-cooked, organic, and locally grown foods into school meal programs can enhance meal quality and support local food systems.

Methods: 430 California school food authorities were surveyed to (1) evaluate their use of scratch-cooked, organic, and locally grown foods in their programs; (2) identify demographic and operational characteristics related to this use; and (3) analyze the relationship between serving more of these foods and perceived barriers to student meal participation. Poisson and logistic regression models, adjusted for SFAs' demographic characteristics, were used.

Infant diet quality index predicts nutrients of concern and ultra-processed food intake in low-income children in the United States.

Background: Diet quality during infancy can influence nutrient intake and ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption throughout later childhood.

Objectives: This study investigated the predictive validity of Infant Diet Quality Index (IDQI) scores from 0 to 1 y of age and consumption of select nutrients and UPFs at different time points in low-income children aged 2-5 y.

Methods: Dietary surveys and 24-h dietary recalls collected between ages 0 and 12 months from 2613 Special Supplemental Women, Infants, and Children Infant Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 participants were used to assess infant diet quality by final IDQI score ranging from 0 (nonadherence to dietary guidelines) to 1 (complete adherence to guidelines).

Longer WIC Participation Is Associated With Higher Diet Quality and Consumption of WIC-Eligible Foods Among Children 2-5 Years Old.

Background: Few studies have evaluated trends in diet quality across early childhood, including the extent to which foods and beverages available in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Food Package contribute to children's diets.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the following across ages 2 through 5 years: (1) trends in Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) total and component scores; (2) differences in mean HEI-2020 scores by WIC participation duration; and (3) contributions of the top 5 foods or beverages to HEI-2020 component scores by WIC duration.

Design: This was a secondary analysis of a nationally representative sample of the WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 conducted between 2013 and 2019.

The impact of a water promotion and access intervention on elementary school students in the presence of food insecurity.

Objective: School-based interventions encouraging children to replace sugar-sweetened beverages with water show promise for reducing child overweight. However, students with child food insecurity (CFI) may not respond to nutrition interventions like children who are food-secure.

Design: The Water First cluster-randomised trial found that school water access and promotion prevented child overweight and increased water intake.