The natural history of insomnia: focus on prevalence and incidence of acute insomnia.

Despite Acute Insomnia being classified as a distinct nosological entity since 1979/1980 (ASDC/DSM III-R), there are no published estimates of its prevalence and incidence or data regarding transition to chronic insomnia or remission. This lack of data prevents an understanding of: a) the pathogenesis of insomnia and b) when and how treatment should be initiated. The aim of the present study was to provide such data from two community samples.

Differing causes of pregnancy loss in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Women with type 2 and type 1 diabetes have differing risk factors for pregnancy loss. We compared the rates and causes of pregnancy loss in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: We utilized prospectively collected data on all pregnancies in a 20-year period (1986-2005) from a single center with a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes.

Admissions to neonatal intensive care unit following pregnancies complicated by gestational or type 2 diabetes.

Background: When gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is diagnosed in a population with a high prevalence of unrecognised type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM), the rate of neonatal morbidity is not clear. There is also a paucity of data reporting neonatal outcome in women with recognised type 2 DM.

Aim: To describe, in a population with a high background prevalence of type 2 DM, neonatal morbidity in infants of women with GDM and type 2 DM admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Pain during awake nasal intubation after topical cocaine or phenylephrine/lidocaine spray.

Although several local anaesthetic techniques are described for nasal analgesia during awake intubation, there has been little attempt to evaluate their effectiveness. We examined pain scores associated with nasal intubation in a randomised cross-over study of 25 volunteers. Local anaesthesia consisted of topical aerosol spray using either cocaine 5% or Co-phenylcaine Forte (a proprietary mixture of phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.