A Latent Trait-based Measure as a Data Harmonization and Missing Data Solution Applied to the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort.

Background: Collaborative research consortia provide an efficient method to increase sample size, enabling evaluation of subgroup heterogeneity and rare outcomes. In addition to missing data challenges faced by all cohort studies like nonresponse and attrition, collaborative studies have missing data due to differences in study design and measurement of the contributing studies.

Methods: We extend ROSETTA, a latent variable method that creates common measures across datasets collecting the same latent constructs with only partial overlap in measures, to define a common measure of socioeconomic status (SES) across cohorts with varying indicators in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort, a consortium of pregnancy and pediatric cohorts.

Perceived Stress During Late Pregnancy and Infant Body Composition at 1 Month.

Context: Worldwide, obesity remains one of the most challenging crises with children being one of the most susceptible populations. The effect of maternal stress during pregnancy on newborn body composition, measured by fat mass and lean mass has, not been extensively studied.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between perceived stress during late pregnancy and infant adiposity at 1 month and assessed effect modification by infant sex and preterm birth.

A perinatal psychiatry access program to address rural and medically underserved populations using telemedicine.

Background: Although highly prevalent, most perinatal mental health and substance use disorders often go unrecognized, undiagnosed, and untreated. Perinatal Psychiatry Access Programs have emerged as a successful model to increase the capacity of front-line maternal health care providers to address perinatal mental health conditions through education, consultation, and increased resources and referrals.

Methods: This model has been adapted in South Carolina to include direct access to mental health treatment in response to inadequate maternity care and mental health services, including a large proportion of rural, Medically Underserved Areas in Primary Care and Mental Health Healthcare Provider Shortage Areas throughout the state.

PRV-1b and PRV-3a infection is associated with the same clinical disease in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) farmed in Chile: unraveling the pathogenesis of the orthoreoviral cardiomyopathy and hemolytic jaundice (OCHJ).

Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) is a virus that is widely distributed among global aquaculture populations of salmonid species. The coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) is a species of increasing productive and economic importance in Chile. The presence of PRV has generated concern about its impact on the health and welfare of this species.

In situ detection of individual classical MHC-I gene products in cancer.

Tumor-specific HLA class I expression is required for cytotoxic T-cell elimination of cancer cells expressing tumor-associated or neo-antigens. Cancers downregulate antigen presentation to avoid adaptive immunity. The highly polymorphic nature of the genes encoding these proteins, coupled with quaternary-structure changes after formalin fixation, complicate detection by immunohistochemistry.