Steering and switching of soliton-like beams via interaction in a nanocolloid with positive polarizability.

We unveil different regimes for the interaction between two orthogonally polarized soliton-like beams in a colloidal suspension of nanoparticles with positive polarizability. The interaction is always attractive. However, it noticeably changes as a function of the angle and the power distribution between the input beams.

A multisite gateway-based toolkit for targeted gene expression and hairpin RNA silencing in tomato fruits.

A collection of fruit promoters, reporter genes and protein tags has been constructed in a triple-gateway format, a recombination-based cloning system that facilitates the tandem assembly of three DNA fragments into plant expression vectors. The new pENFRUIT collection includes, among others, the classical tomato-ripening promoters E8 and 2A11 and a set of six new tomato promoters. The new promoter activities were characterized in both transient assays and stable transgenic plants.

[Eradication of Helicobacter pylori: triple treatment scheme plus Lactobacillus vs. triple treatment alone].

Background: We undertook this study to determine the effectiveness of triple treatment associated with Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota against Helicobacter pylori, in comparison with triple conventional treatment without Lactobacillus.

Methods: We designed a clinical comparative randomized study that included patients of both sexes infected by Helicobacter pylori. Patients were studied with endoscopy, biopsy and serology.