Likelihood ratios for fetal trisomy 21 based on nasal bone length in the second trimester: how best to define hypoplasia?

Objective: To determine the best measure of fetal nasal bone hypoplasia for trisomy 21 risk assessment in the second trimester.

Methods: This was a prospective, observational study performed at a single institution between February 2003 and December 2005. Fetuses with nasal bone length recorded sonographically between 16 and 20.

Women in academia.

Although our study was conducted in only one physical science discipline, and although most of the individual tests did not yield statistically significant differences, the data consistently yielded a trend in the direction of the existence of discrimination against women in academia. This leads us to the tentative conclusion that when two equally qualified applicants are being considered for an academic position, a male would be chosen over a female. However, a woman with clearly superior qualifications, in competition with an average man, is likely to be recognized.