Consensus Approach for Standardization of the Timing of Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Classification of Brain Injury in Neonates With Neonatal Encephalopathy/Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Canadian Perspective.

Background: Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are linked to significant neurodevelopmental impairments. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred modality for classifying brain injury severity in HIE, yet considerable variability exists among institutions in terms of MRI timing, protocols, injury classification, and scoring systems for predicting long-term outcomes.

Methods: A Canadian taskforce comprising radiologists and neonatologists was established to develop a consensus on the optimal timing of brain MRI, appropriate MRI protocols, and a unified approach to the classification and scoring of brain injury in infants with NE secondary to hypoxic-ischemic insult.

Follow the flower: approach-flight behaviour of bumblebees landing on a moving target.

While landing on flowers, pollinating insects often have to deal with flower movement caused by wind. Here, we determined the landing performance of bumblebees on a moving artificial flower, and how they use their visual-motor system to control their landings. To do this, we built an experimental setup containing a physical model of a flower, moving sideways using sinusoidal kinematics at various oscillation frequencies (up to 0.

Cranial ultrasound in neonatal brain infections.

Infection of the neonatal central nervous system (CNS) can cause irreversible brain damage. Cranial ultrasound is an important neuroimaging modality in the neonatal period for detecting brain injury. Several types of organism can cause neonatal CNS infection.

During Three Decades Prenatal Diagnoses of Differences in Sex Development Increased and Gonadectomy Rates Declined.

Aim: The therapeutic approach to differences of sex development (DSD) has changed over recent decades. We aimed to describe the evolution of clinical diagnoses of DSD in children attending a tertiary paediatric centre.

Methods: This retrospective observational study compared diagnoses and management, before and after the introduction of consensus guidelines for DSD in 2006.