Interleukin-6 as a prognostic marker in acute kidney injury and its klotho-dependent regulation.

Background And Objective: In acute kidney injury (AKI), a strong inflammatory component is activated in response to the renal damage, and one of the main mediators behind this process is the pro-inflammatory interleukin 6 or IL-6. Beside to this phenomenon, there are also alterations in different components of mineral metabolism, such as those dependent on fibroblast growth factor (FGF)23 and the anti-ageing cofactor klotho. The aim of this work was to explore the association between renal function and systemic levels of IL-6, as well as FGF23 and klotho in the early stages of AKI, analysing the predictive capacity of IL-6 in early mortality associated with AKI.

Glucose-Lowering Drugs and Primary Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Real-World Primary Care Study.

The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing, as is the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Post-hoc analyses of clinical trials support that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors agonists (GLP-1RAs) prevent CKD in T2DM patients. We used the Spanish primary care database BIFAP to perform a retrospective cohort study with a nested case-control analysis to assess the incidence, risk factors, and the effect of glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) on the primary prevention of CKD.

Urinary extracellular vesicles as a monitoring tool for renal damage in patients not meeting criteria for chronic kidney disease.

Background: Current definition of chronic kidney disease (CKD) identifies only advanced stages, but effective management demands early detection. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) 30 mg/g is a cut-off point for CKD clinical diagnosis. Patients with lower values (normoalbuminuria) and eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.