E4F1 coordinates pyruvate metabolism and the activity of the elongator complex to ensure translation fidelity during brain development.

Pyruvate metabolism defects lead to severe neuropathies such as the Leigh syndrome (LS) but the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal cell death remain poorly understood. Here, we unravel a connection between pyruvate metabolism and the regulation of the epitranscriptome that plays an essential role during brain development. Using genetically engineered mouse model and primary neuronal cells, we identify the transcription factor E4F1 as a key coordinator of AcetylCoenzyme A (AcCoA) production by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and its utilization as an essential co-factor by the Elongator complex to acetylate tRNAs at the wobble position uridine 34 (U).

A role for root carbonic anhydrase βCA4 in the bicarbonate tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are the main enzymes handling bicarbonate in the different cell compartments. This study analyses the expression of CAs in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana demes differing in tolerance to bicarbonate: the tolerant A1 deme and the sensitive deme, T6. Exposure to 10 mM NaCl caused a transient depolarization of the root cell membranes, and in contrast, the supply of 10 mM NaHCO caused hyperpolarization.

A new species of Conocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae) from Argentina with extraordinarily broad-band ultrasound calling song.

Conocephalus tuyu sp. nov. belonging to Xenocerculus subgen.

Iron-molybdenum cofactor synthesis by a thermophilic nitrogenase devoid of the scaffold NifEN.

The maturation and installation of the active site metal cluster (FeMo-co, FeSCMo--homocitrate) in Mo-dependent nitrogenase requires the protein product of the gene for production of the FeS cluster precursor (NifB-co, [FeSC]) and the action of the maturase complex composed of the protein products from the and genes. However, some putative diazotrophic bacteria, like sp. RS-1, lack the genes, suggesting an alternative pathway for maturation of FeMo-co that does not require NifEN.

Crucial Roles of Brassinosteroids in Cell Wall Composition and Structure Across Species: New Insights and Biotechnological Applications.

Brassinosteroids (BR) are steroidal phytohormones essential for plant growth, development, and stress resistance. They fulfil this role partially by modulating cell wall structure and composition through the control of gene expression involved in primary and secondary cell wall biosynthesis and metabolism. This affects the deposition of cellulose, lignin, and other components, and modifies the inner architecture of the wall, allowing it to adapt to the developmental status and environmental conditions.