Memantine-induced functional rewiring of the glutamate synapse in the striatum of dopamine transporter knockout rats.

Background And Purpose: Slow-acting biogenic amines, such as dopamine, are known to modulate fast neurotransmitters e.g. glutamate.

Algorithms for the first-line management of bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: Present and future.

Introduction: Neurogenic lower urinary tract (NLUTD), bowel (NBD), and sexual dysfunction (SD) are commonly observed in patients with (pw) multiple sclerosis (MS) and diminish the patients' quality of life (QoL). This systematic review aim to evaluate and discuss the current algorithms for the management of these issues.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted on the PubMed in June 2024.

Stretch-injury promotes microglia activation with enhanced phagocytic and synaptic stripping activities.

Microglial cells, as the primary defense line in the central nervous system, play a crucial role in responding to various mechanical signals that can trigger their activation. Despite extensive research on the impact of chemical signaling on brain cells, the understanding of mechanical signaling in microglia remains limited. To bridge this gap, we subjected microglial cells to a singular mechanical stretch and compared their responses with those induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment, a well-established chemical activator.

Enhancing OSA Assessment with Explainable AI.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) is a rapidly growing field that focuses on making deep learning models interpretable and understandable to human decision-makers. In this study, we introduce xAAEnet, a novel xAI model applied to the assessment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) severity. OSA is a prevalent sleep disorder that can lead to numerous medical conditions and is currently assessed using the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI).