Mixed-effects modeling of the intrinsic ventilatory depressant potency of propofol in the non-steady state.

Background: Despite the ubiquitous use of propofol for anesthesia and conscious sedation and numerous publications about its effect, a pharmacodynamic model for propofol-induced ventilatory depression in the non-steady state has not been described. To investigate propofol-induced ventilatory depression in the clinically important range (at and below the metabolic hyperbola while carbon dioxide is accumulating because of drug-induced ventilatory depression), the authors applied indirect effect modeling to Paco2 data at a fraction of inspired carbon dioxide of 0 during and after administration of propofol.

Methods: Ten volunteers underwent determination of their carbon dioxide responsiveness by a rebreathing design.

A model of the ventilatory depressant potency of remifentanil in the non-steady state.

Background: The C50 of remifentanil for ventilatory depression has been previously determined using inspired carbon dioxide and stimulated ventilation, which may not describe the clinically relevant situation in which ventilatory depression occurs in the absence of inspired carbon dioxide. The authors applied indirect effect modeling to non-steady state Paco2 data in the absence of inspired carbon dioxide during and after administration of remifentanil.

Methods: Ten volunteers underwent determination of carbon dioxide responsiveness using a rebreathing design, and a model was fit to the end-expiratory carbon dioxide and minute ventilation.

Non-steady state analysis of the pharmacokinetic interaction between propofol and remifentanil.

Background: The pharmacokinetics of both propofol and remifentanil have been described extensively. Although they are commonly administered together for clinical anesthesia, their pharmacokinetic interaction has not been investigated so far. The purpose of the current investigation was to elucidate the nature and extent of pharmacokinetic interactions between propofol and remifentanil.

Pharmacokinetic study of FFP photochemically treated with amotosalen (S-59) and UV light compared to FFP in healthy volunteers anticoagulated with warfarin.

Background: To date, no clinical trials have characterized FFP infusion efficacy, and infusion still carries infectious risk. This single-blinded crossover study compared postinfusion kinetics of FVII in photochemically treated FFP to standard FFP.

Study Design And Methods: Subjects donated plasma by apheresis.

Comparative evaluation of fecal fat excretion induced by orlistat and chitosan.

Objective: To compare the effects of chitosan and orlistat on fecal fat excretion.

Research Methods And Procedure: A randomized, open-label, two-period sequential design study was used. A total of 12 healthy adult volunteers within 20% of their ideal body weight entered a 7-day run-in diet period before being randomized to orlistat (120 mg) or chitosan (890 mg) three times daily for 7 days.