The Effect of Preoperative Tamsulosin on Pediatric Ureteroscopic Access: A Multi-institutional Experience.

Introduction: The ability to perform flexible ureteroscopy in children may be limited because of a smaller pediatric ureterovesical junction and ureteral diameter. Tamsulosin has been shown to improve success rates of ureteral instrumentation in adults. To date, the efficacy of this medication to facilitate pediatric ureteral access remains unclear.

Charge combinations and conviction rates among alcohol-influenced drivers involved in motor vehicle crashes in Iowa.

Introduction: Alcohol impairment is a major contributor to road traffic crashes and has increased across the United States in recent years. In 2022, over 13,000 people were killed in drunk driving crashes. Enforcement of impaired driving laws is an essential strategy to reduce alcohol-impaired driving and subsequent crashes.

Points of contention in measure evaluation can arise from the use of divergent validity frameworks: A reply to Conway et al. (2025).

This reply to Conway et al. (2025) illustrates how points of contention in the evaluation of mindreading (or theory of mind) measures can arise from the use of divergent validity concepts. The construct validity model used in Wendt et al.

Respiratory Exacerbations and Lung Function Decline in People with Smoking History and Normal Spirometry.

Rationale: The impact of respiratory exacerbation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is well established. The effects of respiratory exacerbations in people with cigarette smoking but normal spirometry are unknown.

Objective: To assess the association of respiratory exacerbations with lung function decline and mortality in people with normal spirometry and current or former cigarette smoking history.

Increased use of damage control laparotomy for emergency small bowel or colon surgery: does it affect patient outcomes?

Purpose: Evidence to guide the application of damage control laparotomy (DCL) in emergency surgery patients is limited. We assessed whether DCL use for emergent small bowel or colon surgery increased over time and its impact on outcomes. We hypothesized that DCL would be utilized more often in patients with significant comorbidities or septic shock with improved outcomes.