Tayside-Fife clinical trial of cognitive-behavioural therapy for medication-resistant psychotic symptoms. Results to 3-month follow-up.

Background: Evidence for the efficacy of cognitive-behavioural therapy for schizophrenia is promising but evidence for clinical effectiveness is limited.

Aims: To test the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy delivered by clinical nurse specialists in routine practice.

Method: Of 274 referrals, 66 were allocated randomly to 9 months of treatment as usual (TAU), cognitive-behavioural therapy plus TAU (CBT) or supportive psychotherapy plus TAU (SPT) and followed up for 3 months.

Cognitive therapy, analytic psychotherapy and anxiety management training for generalised anxiety disorder.

Background: We test the hypotheses that (a) cognitive therapy is of comparable efficacy to psychodynamic psychotherapy, (b) 8-10 sessions of therapy is as effective as 16-20 sessions, and (c) brief therapist training is as effective as intensive training.

Method: Of 178 out-patients referred to a clinical trial of psychological treatment for generalised anxiety, 110 patients met DSM-III-R criteria for generalised anxiety disorder and were randomly assigned to three different forms of psychotherapy. The main comparison was between cognitive therapy and analytic psychotherapy, delivered by experienced therapists at weekly or fortnightly intervals over six months.

Tissue aluminum concentrations stability over time, relationship to age, and dietary intake.

Aluminum concentration was measured in serum, whole blood, hair, and urine by neutron activation analysis. Seventy-six nondemented subjects were investigated. Not all assays were done on all subjects (e.