Publications by authors named "L R Garibaldi"
Introduction: Consensus regarding the diagnostic cutoff values for cortisol responses to low-dose Cosyntropin testing (LDT) and its specific advantages over standard (high) dose test (HDT) in assessing the pituitary-adrenal axis in children is lacking.
Methods: In a retrospective study, patients who underwent sequential LDT and HDT were classified into two groups depending on the reason for testing: prolonged systemic glucocorticoid exposure (Group 1) or suspected hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (Group 2). Sensitivity and specificity analysis of varying cortisol levels during LDT in diagnosing ACTH deficiency (ACTHD) were calculated via the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis against the reference diagnostic test HDT.
Objectives: Limited data are available on the hormonal response of children to venepuncture or intravenous cannulation (IVC). Catecholamines [epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE)] have been traditionally recognized as stress hormones. Copeptin, the carboxyl-terminus of the arginine vasopressin (AVP) precursor peptide, is also a known marker for stressful stimuli, including myocardial infarction, critical illness, and sepsis.
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- The study highlights how socioeconomic factors, such as wealth concentration and social inequality, influence ecosystem services (ES), particularly crop pollination in Brazil over a decade from 2006 to 2017.
- It found that as small, diverse farms were replaced by large monocultures, the demand for pollination services increased by 3.3%, but both the diversity and provision of these services dropped significantly—by 16.1% and 22.5%, respectively.
- The research indicates that regions with concentrated land ownership and fewer financial resources face reduced pollination services, emphasizing the need for a multidimensional approach to understand these complex socio-ecological interactions.
Pesticide impacts on insect pollinators: Current knowledge and future research challenges.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- There has been a significant increase in pesticide use worldwide to meet the growing food demand, with variation in usage rates across different regions from 1995 to 2020.
- A 2016 IPBES assessment identified pesticides as a major factor in the decline of pollinators, noting that most studies focused on specific species in developed countries.
- The analysis includes forecasts showing increasing pesticide use in Africa, South America, and various Asian regions, while addressing the lack of research on the impact of pesticides on pollinators and suggesting conservation efforts.