Phosphate binder in dialysis: a cross-sectional study of patients' adherence and pill burden.

Introduction: Phosphate (P) binders are among the most common medications prescribed to control P levels in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis. There is still a paucity of data on adherence to P binders with no comparison between dialysis modalities.

Methods: We accessed factors associated with P binder adherence among patients on dialysis in an academic hospital.

Liver lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation in glutamine-supplemented ob/ob mice.

Glutamine availability may be reduced in chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced by obesity. Herein, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and lipid metabolism effects of chronic oral glutamine supplementation in its free and dipeptide form were assessed in ob/ob mice. Adult male C57BL/6J ob/ob mice were supplemented with L-alanyl-L-glutamine (DIP) or free L-glutamine (GLN) in the drinking water for 40 days, whilst C57BL/6J Wild-type lean (WT) and control ob/ob mice (CTRL) received fresh water only.

Larvicidal and Oviposition Activity of Commercial Essential Oils of Ledeb., (Blanco) Benth., L. and Their Combinations Against .

is a vector responsible for the transmission of various arboviruses and is considered by the World Health Organization to be one of the main public health problems in the world. This study evaluated the larvicidal and oviposition activity of essential oils from , and and their formulations. Chromatographic analysis by GCMS identified a total of 28, 52 and 18 compounds for the oils of the species , and , respectively.