Understanding Rate and Capacity Limitations in Li-S Batteries Based on Solid-State Sulfur Conversion in Confinement.

Li-S batteries with an improved cycle life of over 1000 cycles have been achieved using cathodes of sulfur-infiltrated nanoporous carbon with carbonate-based electrolytes. In these cells, a protective cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) is formed, leading to solid-state conversion of S to LiS in the nanopores. This prevents the dissolution of polysulfides and slows capacity fade.

Training of Veterinary Students in Trans Rectal Palpation of Equids: A Comparison of Live Versus Cadaver Models.

Transrectal palpation (TP) is a basic skill in equine practice. Traditional TP learning methods include instructor-assisted TP in live animals, but this approach presents animal welfare concerns, especially when it needs to be used with large numbers of students. The main objective of this study is to compare two learning methods of TP: traditional methodology with live horses (LH) and alternative methodology using a cadaver with its flanks dissected (CDV).

Gaussian model of fluctuating membrane and its scattering properties.

A mathematical model is developed to jointly analyze elastic and inelastic scattering data of fluctuating membranes within a single theoretical framework. The model builds on a nonhomogeneously clipped time-dependent Gaussian random field. This specific approach provides one with general analytical expressions for the intermediate scattering function for any number of sublayers in the membrane and arbitrary contrasts.

Unexpected asymmetric distribution of cholesterol and phospholipids in equilibrium model membranes.

Lipid compositional asymmetry across the leaflets of the plasma membrane is an ubiquitous feature in eukaryotic cells. How this asymmetry is maintained is thought to be primarily controlled by active transport of lipids between leaflets. This strategy is facilitated by the fact that long-tail phospholipids and sphingolipids diffuse through the lipid bilayer slowly-taking many hours or days.