Germline variation contributes to false negatives in CRISPR-based experiments with varying burden across ancestries.

Reducing disparities is vital for equitable access to precision treatments in cancer. Socioenvironmental factors are a major driver of disparities, but differences in genetic variation likely also contribute. The impact of genetic ancestry on prioritization of cancer targets in drug discovery pipelines has not been systematically explored due to the absence of pre-clinical data at the appropriate scale.

Dietary Fiber in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Are We Ready to Change the Paradigm?

Accumulating evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies demonstrate the benefit of dietary fibers for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the majority of patients avoid or limit their consumption to manage their symptoms during the active and remission phases, although limited research supports these long-term dietary habits. Although recent evidence-based dietary guidelines highlight the importance of promoting an adequate intake of dietary fiber in IBD patients, intervention trials have not yet clearly clarified the quality and quantity of dietary fiber that should be consumed to be equally tolerated by and provide benefit for patients with IBD.

Evaluating the impact of a new educational tool on understanding of polygenic risk scores for alcohol use disorder.

Introduction: As gene identification efforts have advanced in psychiatry, so have aspirations to use genome-wide polygenic information for prevention and intervention. Although polygenic risk scores (PRS) for substance use and psychiatric outcomes are not yet available in clinical settings, individuals can access their PRS through online direct-to-consumer resources. One of these widely used websites reports that alcohol use disorder is the third most requested PRS out of >1,000 conditions.

Bile Acid-Related Regulation of Mucosal Inflammation and Intestinal Motility: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Application in IBD and Microscopic Colitis.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and microscopic colitis are chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorders that affect the gastroenterological tract and arise from a complex interaction between the host's genetic risk factors, environmental factors, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The precise mechanistic pathways interlinking the intestinal mucosa homeostasis, the immunological tolerance, and the gut microbiota are still crucial topics for research. We decided to deeply analyze the role of bile acids in these complex interactions and their metabolism in the modulation of gut microbiota, and thus intestinal mucosa inflammation.