Sexuality after Male-to-Female Gender Affirmation Surgery.

Male-to-Female (MtF) gender affirmation surgery (GAS) comprises the creation of a functional and aesthetic perineogenital complex. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of GAS on sexuality. We retrospectively surveyed all 254 MtF transsexual patients who had undergone GAS with penile inversion vaginoplasty at the Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Germany, between 2004 and 2010.

[Social support in gender reassignment surgery].

Background: Gender reassignment surgery (GRS) can lead to discrimination. This transition makes great demands on the individual and also affects the social environment.

Objectives: To evaluate the social support of male-to-female (MtF) transgender people.

Satisfaction with male-to-female gender reassignment surgery.

Background: The frequency of gender identity disorder is hard to determine; the number of gender reassignment operations and of court proceedings in accordance with the German Law on Transsexuality almost certainly do not fully reflect the underlying reality. There have been only a few studies on patient satisfaction with male-to-female gender reassignment surgery.

Methods: 254 consecutive patients who had undergone male-to-female gender reassignment surgery at Essen University Hospital's Department of Urology retrospectively filled out a questionnaire about their subjective postoperative satisfaction.

The p53 tumor suppressor causes congenital malformations in Rpl24-deficient mice and promotes their survival.

Hypomorphic mutation in one allele of ribosomal protein l24 gene (Rpl24) is responsible for the Belly Spot and Tail (Bst) mouse, which suffers from defects of the eye, skeleton, and coat pigmentation. It has been hypothesized that these pathological manifestations result exclusively from faulty protein synthesis. We demonstrate here that upregulation of the p53 tumor suppressor during the restricted period of embryonic development significantly contributes to the Bst phenotype.

S6-haploinsufficiency activates the p53 tumor suppressor.

The capacity to detect and appropriately respond to many different stresses that interfere with functional homeostasis is essential for survival. Recent evidence suggests that the nucleolus, the site of ribosome biogenesis, plays a critical role in sensing and responding to both external and internal stresses. To understand these processes, we have recently used a genetically defined in vivo mouse model in which ribosome biogenesis could be manipulated during oogenesis and embryo development.