Turner syndrome and neurofibromatosis type 1: the unusual combination of two common genetic disorders.

Summary: The coexistence of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NFT1) and Turner syndrome (TS) has only been reported in a few patients and may represent a diagnostic challenge. We describe the case of a 16-year-old girl, with a prior clinical diagnosis of NFT1, who was referred to Endocrinology appointments for the etiological study of primary amenorrhea. Evaluation of the anterior pituitary function was requested and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism was detected.

Boosting antitumor response with PSMA-targeted immunomodulatory VLPs, harboring costimulatory TNFSF ligands and GM-CSF cytokine.

Therapeutic strategies based on immunomodulation have improved cancer therapy. Most approaches target co-stimulatory pathways or the inhibition of immunosuppressive mechanisms, to enhance immune response and overcome the immune tolerance of tumors. Here, we propose a novel platform to deliver targeted immunomodulatory signaling, enhancing antitumor response.

Aptamer-mediated transcriptional gene silencing of inhibits regulatory T cells and potentiates antitumor response.

The inhibition of immunosuppressive mechanisms may switch the balance between tolerance and surveillance, leading to an increase in antitumor activity. Regulatory T cells play an important role in the control of immunosuppression, exhibiting the unique property of inhibiting T cell proliferation. These cells migrate to tumor sites or may be generated at the tumor site itself from the conversion of lymphocytes exposed to tumor microenvironment signaling.

Evaluation of CD8 T cell subpopulations in paracoccidioidomycosis.

We aimed to verify the frequency of CD8 T cell subsets in patients with acute form and chronic form of paracoccidioidomycosis. Mononuclear cells from paracoccidioidomycosis patients and healthy donors were isolated and phenotyped by flow cytometry. Dendritic cells were pulsed with yeast and co-cultures with lymphocytes.