Influence of Hydrogen and Ethanol Addition in Methanogen-Free Mixed Culture Syngas Fermentations in Trickle Bed Reactors.

The use of mixed cultures in gas fermentations could reduce operating costs in the production of liquid chemicals such as alcohols or carboxylic acids. However, directing reducing equivalents towards the desired products presents the challenge of co-existing competing pathways. In this study, two trickle bed reactors were operated at acetogenic and chain elongating conditions to explore the fate of electron equivalents (ethanol, H, and CO) and test pH oscillations as a strategy to target chain-elongated products.

Data-driven cluster analysis identifies distinct types of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) exhibits considerable variability in clinical outcomes. Identifying specific phenotypic profiles within MASLD is essential for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. Here we investigated the heterogeneity of MASLD using partitioning around medoids clustering based on six simple clinical variables in a cohort of 1,389 individuals living with obesity.

Exploring the interplay between yeast cell membrane lipid adaptation and physiological response to acetic acid stress.

Unlabelled: Acetic acid is a byproduct of lignocellulose pretreatment and a potent inhibitor of yeast-based fermentation processes. A thicker yeast plasma membrane (PM) is expected to retard the passive diffusion of undissociated acetic acid into the cell. Molecular dynamic simulations suggest that membrane thickness can be increased by elongating glycerophospholipids (GPL) fatty acyl chains.

An ancient ecospecies of Helicobacter pylori.

Helicobacter pylori disturbs the stomach lining during long-term colonization of its human host, with sequelae including ulcers and gastric cancer. Numerous H. pylori virulence factors have been identified, showing extensive geographic variation.