Support for the efficient coding account of visual discomfort.

Sparse coding theories suggest that the visual brain is optimized to encode natural visual stimuli to minimize metabolic cost. It is thought that images that do not have the same statistical properties as natural images are unable to be coded efficiently and result in visual discomfort. Conversely, artworks are thought to be even more efficiently processed compared to natural images and so are esthetically pleasing.

A systematic review of mobile device use in the primary school classroom and impact on pupil literacy and numeracy attainment: A systematic review.

Background: Investment in mobile devices to support primary or elementary education is increasing and must be informed by robust evidence to demonstrate impact. This systematic review of randomised controlled trials sought to identify the overall impact of mobile devices to support literacy and numeracy outcomes in mainstream primary classrooms.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to understand how mobile devices are used in primary/elementary education around the world, and in particular, determine how activities undertaken using mobile devices in the primary classroom might impact literacy and numeracy attainment for the pupils involved.

Project EPIC (Empowering People to Independence in COPD): Study protocol for a hybrid effectiveness-implementation pilot randomized controlled trial of telephonic, geriatrics-palliative care nurse-coaching in older adults with COPD and their family caregivers.

Background: EPIC (Empowering People to Independence in COPD) is a geriatric-palliative care telephonic, nurse coach intervention informed by Baltes' Theory of Successful Aging and adapted from the ENABLE (Educate, Nurture, Advise, Before Life Ends) intervention. EPIC, focused on improving independence, mobility, well-being, and COPD symptoms, has undergone formative and summative evaluation for adults with COPD.

Methods: The primary study aim is to assess the refined EPIC intervention's feasibility and acceptability via a pilot hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized control trial in community-dwelling older adults with moderate to severe COPD and their family caregivers.

No Evidence of Cross-Orientation Suppression Differences in Migraine with Aura Compared to Healthy Controls.

It has been suggested that there may be an imbalance of excitation and inhibitory processes in the visual areas of the brain in people with migraine aura (MA). One idea is thalamocortical dysrhythmia, characterized by disordered oscillations, and thus disordered communication between the lateral geniculate nucleus and the cortex. Cross-orientation suppression is a visual task thought to rely on inhibitory processing, possibly originating in the lateral geniculate nucleus.

Association of musculoskeletal involvement with lung function and mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease associated with high mortality. Low muscle mass, frailty and sarcopenia lead to functional impairment that negatively impact quality of life and survival but are not used in clinical practice. We aimed to determine the association of Fat-free mass index (FFMI) and frailty with lung function, exercise tolerance and survival in patients with IPF.