Stance and Swing Detection Based on the Angular Velocity of Lower Limb Segments During Walking.

Lower limb exoskeletons require the correct support magnitude and timing to achieve user assistance. This study evaluated whether the sign of the angular velocity of lower limb segments can be used to determine the timing of the stance and the swing phase during walking. We assumed that stance phase is characterized by a positive, swing phase by a negative angular velocity.

Optical biosensor optimized for continuous in-line glucose monitoring in animal cell culture.

Biosensors for continuous glucose monitoring in bioreactors could provide a valuable tool for optimizing culture conditions in biotechnological applications. We have developed an optical biosensor for long-term continuous glucose monitoring and demonstrated a tight glucose level control during cell culture in disposable bioreactors. The in-line sensor is based on a commercially available oxygen sensor that is coated with cross-linked glucose oxidase (GOD).

Current State of Laparoscopic Colonic Surgery in Austria: A National Survey.

Purpose: Several studies have demonstrated that laparoscopic colonic resection has significant benefits in comparison with open approaches in patients with benign and malignant disease. The proportion of colonic and rectal resections conducted laparoscopically in Austria is not currently known; the aim of this study was to evaluate the current status of laparoscopic colonic surgery in Austria.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to all general surgical departments in Austria.

[Coagulation management in trauma-related massive bleeding. - Recommendations of the Task Force for Coagulation (AGPG) of the Austrian Society of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care Medicine (OGARI)].

Even nowadays and at specialized centers, one of the leading causes of death is exsanguination. Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) occuring with massive blood loss primarily results from loss of coagualtion factors and platelets and is aggravated by hemodilution. In addition, hyperfibrinolysis, hypothermia, acidosis and hypocalcaemia also contribute to the development of severe haemostatic derangement.

[Preoperative evaluation of the bleeding history. Recommendations of the working group on perioperative coagulation of the Austrian Society for Anaesthesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care].

Unexpected bleeding in the perioperative period is largely caused by impaired inherited or drug-induced primary haemostasis. Standard tests for plasma coagulation are predominantly employed to gauge the risk of bleeding. In accordance with several reports the subcommittee for perioperative coagulation (AGPG) of the Austrian Society of Anaesthesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (OGARI) recommends the use of a standardised questionnaire to detect an increased risk of bleeding.