Crude glycerin alters beef cow ruminal fluid degradability of nutrients in vitro.

Crude glycerin () is used as an energy supplement for cattle and has been shown to increase propionate and decrease acetate concentrations in the rumen. Glycerin also decreases ruminal NH, and therefore, we hypothesized that GLY in rumen fluid would decrease protein degradability of feedstuffs. The objective was to evaluate the effect of GLY in bovine rumen fluid on extent of protein degradability of alfalfa hay (), dried distiller's grains (), and soybean meal ().

Pelvic limb kinetic and kinematic analysis in Labrador Retrievers predisposed or at a low risk for cranial cruciate ligament disease.

Objective: To compare kinematics, net moments, powers, ground and joint reaction forces (GRF, JRF) across the hock, stifle and hip joints in Labrador Retrievers at low risk or predisposed to cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD).

Study Design: Cross-sectional clinical study.

Animals: Clinically normal Labradors predisposed (n = 11) or at low risk for CCLD (n = 9).

Kinetic and kinematic analysis of the right hind limb during trotting on a treadmill in Labrador Retrievers presumed predisposed or not predisposed to cranial cruciate ligament disease.

Objective: To identify gait characteristics during trotting on a treadmill in nonlame Labrador Retrievers presumed predisposed or not predisposed to cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD).

Animals: Clinically normal Labrador Retrievers presumed predisposed (n = 10) or not predisposed (7) to CCLD.

Procedures: The right hind limb of each dog was classified by use of a predictive score equation that combined tibial plateau angle and femoral anteversion angle as presumed predisposed (high score [> -1.