Bioelectronic Direct Current Stimulation at the Transition Between Reversible and Irreversible Charge Transfer.

Many biological processes rely on endogenous electric fields (EFs), including tissue regeneration, cell development, wound healing, and cancer metastasis. Mimicking these biological EFs by applying external direct current stimulation (DCS) is therefore the key to many new therapeutic strategies. During DCS, the charge transfer from electrode to tissue relies on a combination of reversible and irreversible electrochemical processes, which may generate toxic or bio-altering substances, including metal ions and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

MRI characterization of pelvic floor ligaments in nulliparous women: Technique development and morphometry within the 3D pelvic inclination correction system (3D-PICS).

Purpose: The aim of the MRI-study was to evaluate the visibility of the pelvic floor ligaments and to analyze the ligament morphometry in 3D space.

Methods: Twenty-two nulliparous women underwent MRI with a ligament specific protocol. MR datasets were evaluated using the 3D Pelvic Inclination Correction System (3D-PICS).

A qualitative study on patients' selection in the scarcity of resources in the COVID-19 pandemic in a communal culture.

The scarcity of resources during the COVID-19 pandemic caused ethical dilemmas in prioritizing patients for treatment. Medical and ethical guidance only emphasizes clinical procedures but does not consider the sociocultural aspect. This study explored the perception of former COVID-19 patients and their families on the decision-making process of the patient's selection at a time of scarcity of resources.

Evaluating the protective role of trimetazidine versus nano-trimetazidine in amelioration of bilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion induced neuro-degeneration: Implications of ERK1/2, JNK and Galectin-3 /NF-κB/TNF-α/HMGB-1 signaling.

Background: Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a primary culprit of acute kidney injury. Neurodegeneration can result from I/R, but the mechanisms are still challenging. We studied the implications of bilateral renal I/R on brain and potential involvement of the oxidative stress (OS) driven extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (ERK1/2, JNK) and Galectin-3 (Gal-3)/nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-қB)/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), high mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1), and caspase-3 paths upregulation.

Generation of direct current electrical fields as regenerative therapy for spinal cord injury: A review.

Electrical stimulation (ES) shows promise as a therapy to promote recovery and regeneration after spinal cord injury. ES therapy establishes beneficial electric fields (EFs) and has been investigated in numerous studies, which date back nearly a century. In this review, we discuss the various engineering approaches available to generate regenerative EFs through direct current electrical stimulation and very low frequency electrical stimulation.