Nonrecurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Associated Anatomical Variations: The Art of Prediction.

Introduction: A nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) is a rare anatomical variation in which the nerve enters the larynx directly off the cervical vagus nerve.

Case Report: We present 2 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for benign disease. Intraoperatively, type 2a and 1 NRLN were identified.

Loss of mitochondrial SDHB expression: what is its role in diffuse thyroid lipomatosis?

Diffuse lipomatosis of the thyroid gland is a very rare disease, characterized by extensive infiltration of thyroid parenchyma by mature adipose tissue, usually not accompanied by amyloid fibrils deposition. The pathophysiology of adipose tissue infiltration in the thyroid gland remains unknown. We report a clinical case of a diffuse thyroid lipomatosis, whose immunohistochemical study of succinate dehydrogenase - subunit B (SDHB) revealed loss of expression of this protein in the follicular or adipose cells.

Thyroidectomy induces coated pit formation on cerebellar mossy fiber terminals.

The influence that thyroid hormones have on the development of the cerebellar cortex is well known. Their absence in adults leads to important functional changes probably related to abnormalities in nerve terminal activity, although no morphological alterations have hitherto been described. Using ultrastructural morphometric methods, we have studied the effects of thyroidectomy on the cerebellar cortex mossy fiber terminals of adult rats with different survival periods.

Comparative morphometric study of cerebellar neurons. II. Purkinje cells.

The morphometric characteristics of Purkinje cell perikarya and dendritic trees were evaluated in 4 men, 4 cats and 4 rats. Purkinje cell perikaryon size, as well as the number of synapses and the synaptic surface per Purkinje cell, are significantly greater in man than in the cat and the rat. No significant differences were found as concerns the volumetric densities of nuclei and nucleoli.

The number of parallel fibre-Purkinje dendrite synapses. A morphometric evaluation.

Quantitative parameters concerning synapses were studied in the cerebellar molecular layer of 4 cats using ultrastructural morphometric methods. The number of parallel fibre-Purkinje dendrite synapses was estimated to be about 200,000.