An AMBRA1, ULK1 and PP2A regulatory network regulates cytotoxic T cell differentiation via TFEB activation.

The scaffold protein AMBRA1, which participates in the autophagy pathway, also promotes CD4 T cell differentiation to Tregs independent of autophagy through its interactor PP2A. Here we have investigated the role of AMBRA1 in CD8 T cell differentiation to cytotoxic T cells (CTL). AMBRA1 depletion in CD8 T cells was associated with impaired expression of the transcription factors RUNX3 and T-BET that drive CTL differentiation and resulted in impaired acquisition of cytotoxic potential.

[Audiometric results of 81 ossiculoplasties after tympanoplasty with closed technique in chronic cholesteatomatous otitis].

We report our functional results about 81 ossiculoplastys during tympanoplasty with closed technique in chronic cholesteatomatous otitis. We discuss our functional results and the post-operative assessment of the audiometric gain. Patients presented either cholesteatomatous otitis sequelea or any preliminary status (retraction pockets) with attical impairment.

[The attic. Anatomoclinical correlation].

Among the hidden parts of the middle ear, the posterior part of the atrium undoubtedly raises the most interest of otologists. The attic is a frequent localization of cholesteatoma and retraction pouches. Its anatomy is not well known, especially the anterior and internal walls.

[Primary carcinoid of the larynx. Apropos of a case. Review of the literature].

We report a new case of primary atypical carcinoid of the larynx. This rare neuro-endocrine neoplasm of the larynx was initially mis diagnosed in 50% of the cases published. Since, characteristically these are lesions of the epilarynx causing dysphonia at early stages of development, the diagnosis should be kept in mind when the work-up for dysphonia reveals a small tumor of the epiglottis or aryepiglottic folds.