Cell culture-derived extracellular vesicles: Considerations for reporting cell culturing parameters.

Cell culture-conditioned medium (CCM) is a valuable source of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for basic scientific, therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Cell culturing parameters affect the biochemical composition, release and possibly the function of CCM-derived EVs (CCM-EV). The CCM-EV task force of the Rigor and Standardization Subcommittee of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles aims to identify relevant cell culturing parameters, describe their effects based on current knowledge, recommend reporting parameters and identify outstanding questions.

Extracellular vesicles and co-isolated endogenous retroviruses from murine cancer cells differentially affect dendritic cells.

Cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) and non-vesicular extracellular (nano)particles (NVEPs or ENPs) that may play a role in intercellular communication. Tumor-derived EVs have been proposed to induce immune priming of antigen presenting cells or to be immuno-suppressive agents. We suspect that such disparate functions are due to variable compositions in EV subtypes and ENPs.

Detection of the interactions of tumour derived extracellular vesicles with immune cells is dependent on EV-labelling methods.

Cell-cell communication within the complex tumour microenvironment is critical to cancer progression. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TD-EVs) are key players in this process. They can interact with immune cells and modulate their activity, either suppressing or activating the immune system.

Homosalate boosts the release of tumour-derived extracellular vesicles with protection against anchorage-loss property.

Eukaryotic cells, including cancer cells, secrete highly heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs could have different subcellular origin, composition and functional properties, but tools to distinguish between EV subtypes are scarce. Here, we tagged CD63- or CD9-positive EVs secreted by triple negative breast cancer cells with Nanoluciferase enzyme, to set-up a miniaturized method to quantify secretion of these two EV subtypes directly in the supernatant of cells.