BPM1 regulates RdDM-mediated DNA methylation via a cullin 3 independent mechanism.

BPM1 interacts with components of the DDR complex and stimulates DNA methylation at CHH sites, suggesting its involvement in the RdDM methylation pathway. The best-known function of MATH-BTB proteins, including Arabidopsis BPM proteins, is their role as substrate-specific adaptors of CUL3-based E3 ligases in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. This paper reports a new CUL3-independent role of BPM1 in RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM).

Evaluation of reference genes for RT-qPCR gene expression analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to elevated temperatures.

Increases in environmental temperature are directly linked to the issue of climate change and are known to significantly disrupt plant growth and development. Studies of gene expression in plants commonly include RT-qPCR but the reliability of the method depends on the use of suitable reference genes for data normalization. Despite this, no reference genes have been validated specifically for experiments in Arabidopsis thaliana employing treatments with elevated temperature.

Taking the Wheel - DNA Methylation as a Driving Force of Plant Embryonic Development.

During plant embryogenesis, regardless of whether it begins with a fertilized egg cell (zygotic embryogenesis) or an induced somatic cell (somatic embryogenesis), significant epigenetic reprogramming occurs with the purpose of parental or vegetative transcript silencing and establishment of a next-generation epigenetic patterning. To ensure genome stability of a developing embryo, large-scale transposon silencing occurs by an RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway, which introduces methylation patterns and as such potentially serves as a global mechanism of transcription control during developmental transitions. RdDM is controlled by a two-armed mechanism based around the activity of two RNA polymerases.

Exploring Patients' Attitudes Toward Deprescribing and Their Perception of Pharmacist Involvement in a European Country: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: To explore how adult patients perceive deprescribing in a country with developing pharmaceutical care.

Patients And Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in ten community pharmacies across Croatia. Community-dwelling adults 40 years and older, taking at least one prescription medication long term, were invited to participate.

Characterization of LuWRKY36, a flax transcription factor promoting secoisolariciresinol biosynthesis in response to Fusarium oxysporum elicitors in Linum usitatissimum L. hairy roots.

The involvement of a WRKY transcription factor in the regulation of lignan biosynthesis in flax using a hairy root system is described. Secoisolariciresinol is the main flax lignan synthesized by action of LuPLR1 (pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase 1). LuPLR1 gene promoter deletion experiments have revealed a promoter region containing W boxes potentially responsible for the response to Fusarium oxysporum.