Improving delivery room and admission efficiency and outcomes for infants < 32 weeks: ELGAN+ (Extremely Low Gestational Age Neonate).

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of a systematic approach to improve the resuscitation, stabilization, and admission of infants < 32 weeks gestation and also to ascertain its effect on organization, efficiency, and clinical outcomes during hospitalization.

Methods: Retrospective study involving a multidisciplinary team with checklists, role assignment, equipment organization, step by step protocol, and real time documentation for the care of infants < 32 weeks gestation in the delivery room to the neonatal intensive care unit. Pre-data collection (cases) period was from Aug, 2015 to July, 2017, and post-data collection(controls) period was from Aug, 2017 to Aug, 2019.

Maternal preeclampsia as a risk factor for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates.

Objective: To determine the effect of preeclampsia on the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of infants' ≤32 weeks' gestation admitted to a level-IV single center neonatal intensive care unit from 2014 to 2016. Infants with major congenital anomalies, death or transfer before 28 days were excluded.

Total water intake by kilogram of body weight: Analysis of the Australian 2011 to 2013 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.

Aim: Water is critical for human survival, yet water intake equations may not reflect contemporary populations. This research aims to determine the total water intake of a representative Australian population, per kilogram of body weight (mL/kg) and stratified by age and sex.

Methods: A secondary analysis of the 2011 to 2013 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (n = 10 146) was conducted.

Refractory Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema in Extreme Premature Newborn.

Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) occurs when air leaks into the pulmonary interstitium due to overdistension of distal airways, it occurs mainly in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome who need positive pressure ventilation but has also been reported in spontaneously breathing infants. Herein, we report on an extremely low birth weight infant with severe persistent PIE, while on invasive mechanical ventilation (high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, high-frequency jet ventilation, and neurally adjust ventilator assist) managed successfully with 2 weeks of selective right lung ventilation after failure of more conservative measures, including shorter periods of right mainstem intubation, before the prolonged trial that was successful.

Effect of continuous positive airway pressure versus nasal cannula on late preterm and term infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn.

Objective: To compare continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with nasal cannula (NC) as primary noninvasive respiratory therapy in hypoxic infants for transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of infants born at ≥34 weeks of gestation between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018.

Result: After adjusting for gestational age and birth weight, the maximum fractional inspired oxygen (FiO) was significantly lower in the CPAP group with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.