Extracellular Vesicles from a Novel Chordoma Cell Line, ARF-8, Promote Tumorigenic Microenvironmental Changes When Incubated with the Parental Cells and with Human Osteoblasts.

Chordomas are rare, generally slow-growing spinal tumors that nonetheless exhibit progressive characteristics over time, leading to malignant phenotypes and high recurrence rates, despite maximal therapeutic interventions. The tumors are notoriously resistant to therapies and are often located in regions that complicate achieving gross total resections. Cell lines from these tumors are rare as well.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Renal ANCA Vasculitis: A Summary of the Consensus Document of the Catalan Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases (GLOMCAT).

The document provides a comprehensive overview of the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) with renal involvement, focusing on granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). It outlines the definitions, clinical presentation, histopathological classification, monitoring strategies, induction and maintenance treatments, as well as special considerations for relapsing, refractory, and frail patients with renal AAV. The document was prepared by the Catalan Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases (GLOMCAT), which comprises nephrologists with extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of AAV patients.

The G-S transition is promoted by Rb degradation via the E3 ligase UBR5.

Mammalian cells make the decision to divide at the G-S transition in response to diverse signals impinging on the retinoblastoma protein Rb, a cell cycle inhibitor and tumor suppressor. Passage through the G-S transition is initially driven by Rb inactivation via phosphorylation and by Rb's decreasing concentration in G. While many studies have identified the mechanisms of Rb phosphorylation, the mechanism underlying Rb's decreasing concentration in G was unknown.

Coexistence of populations in a Leslie-Gower tritrophic model with Holling-type functional responses.

The dynamics of a Leslie-Gower type tritrophic model are analyzed. The model considers the interaction among three populations, a resource, a predator and a superpredator. It is assumed that the predator is generalist and its interaction with the resource is according to a general Holling-type functional response.