Emerging Deep Brain Stimulation Targets in the Cerebellum for Tremor.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor is remarkably effective, leading to over 80% reduction in standardized tremor ratings. However, for certain types of tremor, such as those accompanied by ataxia or dystonia, conventional DBS targets have shown poor efficacy. Various rationales for using cerebellar DBS stimulation to treat tremor have been advanced, but the varied approaches leave many questions unanswered: which anatomic target, stimulation settings, and indications seem most promising for this emerging approach.

Prostate cancer cells elevate glycolysis and G6PD in response to caffeic acid phenethyl ester-induced growth inhibition.

Background: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is the main bioactive component of poplar type propolis. We previously reported that treatment with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) suppressed the cell proliferation, tumor growth, as well as migration and invasion of prostate cancer (PCa) cells via inhibition of signaling pathways of AKT, c-Myc, Wnt and EGFR. We also demonstrated that combined treatment of CAPE and docetaxel altered the genes involved in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.

The comparison of serum bone-turnover markers in different stage of chronic kidney disease and the associated impact of intradialytic cycling in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Introduction: Bone turnover markers reflected the bone remodeling process and bone health in clinical studies. Studies on variation of bone remodeling markers in different stage CKD were scant, and this study investigated the role of bedside intradialytic cycling in altering concentrations of bone-remodeling markers in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Materials And Methods: Participants were segmented into four groups: a group with eGFR >60 ml/min/1.

Obesity and the development of Parkinson's disease within the Framingham Heart study cohort.

Objective: To determine the role of obesity in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Background: Obesity has been reported to be both a risk factor for PD, as well as potentially protective. The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) is a multigenerational longitudinal cohort study that was started in 1948, which is well-known for its cardiovascular health studies.